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  2. Iodine-lithium-alpha-dextrin (ILαD) against Staphylococcus aureus skin infections: a comparative study of in-vitro bactericidal activity and cytotoxicity between ILαD and povidone-iodine

Iodine-lithium-alpha-dextrin (ILαD) against Staphylococcus aureus skin infections: a comparative study of in-vitro bactericidal activity and cytotoxicity between ILαD and povidone-iodine

  • J Hosp Infect. 2018 Feb;98(2):134-140. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.07.013.
A P Zisi 1 M K Exindari 2 E K Siska 3 G G Koliakos 3
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: asimina.zisi@scilifelab.se.
  • 2 Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
  • 3 Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Biohellenika SA, Biotechnology Company, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Abstract

Background: As antimicrobial resistance continues to increase, revisiting old antimicrobial agents, modified to enhance efficacy and safety, becomes important. Iodine has been widely used for more than 150 years as a wound and skin disinfectant; it is an effective broad range bactericide and does not promote the development of resistant strains. The most important iodine-based agent is povidone-iodine (PVP-I) which provides excellent Antibacterial activity. However, its safety profile has been questioned.

Aim: To evaluate the in-vitro Antibacterial efficacy and kinetic properties of a novel iodine-based compound, iodine lithium alpha-dextrin (ILαD), against Staphylococcus aureus, and compare the in-vitro cytotoxicity profiles of ILαD and PVP-I.

Methods: A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) microbroth dilution method was performed against 12 meticillin-resistant (MRSA) and eight meticillin-susceptible (MSSA) S. aureus clinical isolates using ILαD and PVP-I. Time-kill and post-antibiotic effect studies of ILαD provided rate-of-kill information. MTT cytotoxicity assays were performed using three cell lines, treated with MIC doses of ILαD and PVP-I.

Findings: The MIC values of ILαD and PVP-I against the MRSA strains were 125 mg/L and 31.25 mg/L, respectively. Time-kill and post-antibiotic effect studies of ILαD revealed a log10 reduction factor of 3 within 8 h of exposure at a 2 × MIC dose; the post-antibiotic effect was calculated at 5±0.3h. Cell viability was affected slightly at the MIC dose of ILαD, while the MIC dose of PVP-I exerted a strong cell growth inhibitory effect of 90-95%.

Conclusions: ILαD could be a promising solution against staphylococcal infections as it is effective, does not promote the development of resistant strains, and in-vitro testing indicates that it may be safer than PVP-I. Further studies are justified to determine whether ILαD overcomes the clinical limitations of PVP-I.

Keywords

Cytotoxicity; ILαD; Iodophors; MRSA; Povidone-iodine; Wound healing.

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