2. Academic Validation
  3. Review of the molecular mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids: Ganoderic acids A, C2, D, F, DM, X and Y

Review of the molecular mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenoids: Ganoderic acids A, C2, D, F, DM, X and Y

  • Eur J Med Chem. 2019 Jul 15:174:130-141. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.039.
Chengyuan Liang 1,  Danni Tian 2,  Yuzhi Liu 2,  Han Li 2,  Jialiang Zhu 3,  Min Li 4,  Minhang Xin 5,  Juan Xia 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China. Electronic address: chengyuanliang@gmail.com.
  • 2 School of Food and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, PR China.
  • 3 National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, PR China. Electronic address: zhujl@nifdc.org.cn.
  • 4 School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, PR China. Electronic address: limin831120@163.com.
  • 5 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
  • 6 Laboratory of Hematologic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, PR China. Electronic address: xiajuansnail@foxmail.com.
PMID: 31035236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.039
Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is a multi-purpose plant medicine that is homologous to functional food. The most attractive properties of G. lucidum are its immunomodulatory and antitumour activities, which are mainly attributed to the following two major active components: G. lucidum Polysaccharides and G. lucidum triterpenoids (GLTs). GLTs are effective as supplemental therapies and improve health when combined with Other medications to treat hepatitis, fatigue syndrome, and prostate Cancer. However, research investigating the mechanism and application of G. lucidum or GLTs in the treatment of diseases remains preliminary in terms of both the utilization efficacy and product type. This review offers comprehensive insight into the pharmacological activities of GLTs and their potential applications in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. Specifically, 83 GLTs were selected, and their molecular structures and chemical formulas were described. We also describe 7 ganoderic acids that are currently at different stages of clinical trials (ganoderic acids A, C2, D, F, DM, X and Y). The related pharmacodynamic mechanisms and targeted signalling proteins were further analysed. Notably, the specific relationship between Autophagy and Apoptosis induced by ganoderic acid DM is summarized here for the first time.

Keywords

Apoptosis; Autophagy; G. lucidum triterpenoids (GLTs); Molecular mechanism; Pharmacological activity.

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