The roles of TET family proteins in development and stem cells

Development. 2020 Jan 15;147(2):dev183129. doi: 10.1242/dev.183129.

Jihong Yang ¹, Nazym Bashkenova ¹, Ruge Zang ¹ ², Xin Huang ¹, Jianlong Wang ³

Affiliations

1 Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
2 Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
3 Department of Medicine, Columbia Center for Human Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA jw3925@cumc.columbia.edu.

PMID: 31941705 DOI: 10.1242/dev.183129

Abstract

Ten-eleven translocation (TET) methylcytosine dioxygenases are Enzymes that catalyze the demethylation of 5-methylcytosine on DNA. Through global and site-specific demethylation, they regulate cell fate decisions during development and in embryonic stem cells by maintaining pluripotency or by regulating differentiation. In this Primer, we provide an updated overview of TET functions in development and stem cells. We discuss the catalytic and non-catalytic activities of TETs, and their roles as epigenetic regulators of both DNA and RNA hydroxymethylation, highlighting how TET proteins function in regulating gene expression at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.

Keywords

DNA demethylation; Differentiation; Pluripotency; TET.

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