2. Academic Validation
  3. Discovery, synthesis, and optimization of an N-alkoxy indolylacetamide against HIV-1 carrying NNRTI-resistant mutations from the Isatis indigotica root

Discovery, synthesis, and optimization of an N-alkoxy indolylacetamide against HIV-1 carrying NNRTI-resistant mutations from the Isatis indigotica root

  • Eur J Med Chem. 2020 Mar 1;189:112071. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112071.
Chengbo Xu 1,  Yijing Xin 1,  Minghua Chen 2,  Mingyu Ba 1,  Qinglan Guo 1,  Chenggen Zhu 1,  Ying Guo 3,  Jiangong Shi 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China; Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China. Electronic address: yingguo6@imm.ac.cn.
  • 4 State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China. Electronic address: shijg@imm.ac.cn.
PMID: 32004936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112071
Abstract

From an aqueous decoction of the traditional Chinese medicine "ban lan gen" (the Isatis indigotica root), an Antiviral natural product CI - 39 was isolated as an NNRTI (non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor) (EC50 = 3.40 μM). Its novel structure was determined as methyl (1-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)acetamidobenzoate by spectroscopic data and confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Through synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigation of CI - 39 and 57 new derivatives (24 with EC50 values of 0.06-8.55 μM), two optimized derivatives 10f and 10i (EC50: 0.06 μM and 0.06 μM) having activity comparable to that of NVP (EC50 = 0.03 μM) were obtained. Further evaluation verified that 10f and 10i were RT DNA Polymerase inhibitors and exhibited better activities and drug resistance folds compared to NVP against seven NNRTI-resistant strains carrying different mutations. Especially, 10i (EC50 = 0.43 μM) was more active to the L100I/K103N double-mutant strain as compared to both NVP (EC50 = 0.76 μM) and EFV (EC50 = 1.08 μM). The molecular docking demonstrated a possible binding pattern between 10i and RT and revealed activity mechanism of 10i against the NNRTI-resistant strains.

Keywords

Derivative synthesis; HIV-1 inhibitor; Isatis indigotica; N-Alkyloxy indole derivative; NNRTI; Structure-activity relationship.

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