Competitive Metabolite Profiling of Natural Products Reveals Subunit Specific Inhibitors of the 20S Proteasome

We have developed a syringolin-based chemical probe and explored its utility for the profiling of metabolite extracts as potent inhibitors of the 20S Proteasome. Activity-guided fractionation by competitive labeling allowed us to isolate and identify glidobactin A and C as well as luminmycin A from a Burkholderiales strain. The Natural Products exhibited unique subunit specificities for the proteolytic subunits of human and mouse constitutive and immunoproteasome in the lower nanomolar range. In particular, glidobactin C displayed an unprecedented β2/β5 coinhibition profile with single-digit nanomolar potency in combination with sufficiently high cell permeability. These properties render glidobactin C a promising live cell Proteasome Inhibitor with potent activity against human breast Cancer cell lines and comparably low immunotoxicity.