Wnt/β-catenin agonist BIO alleviates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity without compromising its efficacy of anti-proliferation in ovarian cancer

Aims: Cisplatin is an Anticancer agent marred by nephrotoxicity. Limiting this adverse effect may allow the use of higher doses to improve its efficacy. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a critical role in nephrogenesis and repair of renal diseases. BIO, a small molecule agonist of this pathway, exerted a protective effect in adriamycin nephropathy and promoted nephrogenesis. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate whether Wnt/β-catenin agonist BIO could protect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo and in vitro, as well as its possible mechanism.

Main methods: Male mice and human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2) were subjected to cisplatin to study reno-protective effect of BIO. Renal function, cell viability, tubular Apoptosis, production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and proliferative level were analyzed respectively. Additionally, xenograft model was induced to investigate if BIO would impair the antitumor effect of cisplatin.

Key findings: Cisplatin increased serum creatinine levels and promoted histological renal injury as well as oxidative stress levels. Besides, renal apoptotic level and the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase3 included, in the kidney were increased. All these features were decreased by BIO, which also activated Wnt/β-catenin pathway in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Similarly, accompanied by the motivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway, BIO exerted a positively protective effect on HK-2 challenged cisplatin. Last, the chemotherapeutic effects of cisplatin in xenograft mice of ovary tumor models and in lung Cancer cells weren't compromised by BIO.

Significance: Wnt/β-catenin agonist BIO has the potential to prevent cisplatin nephrotoxicity without compromising its anti-proliferation efficacy.