Isovitexin Depresses Osteoarthritis Progression via the Nrf2/NF-κB Pathway: An in vitro Study

Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial joint disease and inflammatory processes contribute to joint destruction. Isovitexin (IVX) is a flavone component found in passion flower, Cannabis and, and the palm that is known for its anti-inflammatory properties.

Materials and methods: This study investigated in vitro the role and underlying mechanism used by IVX in its regulation of OA development. Effects of IVX on the viability of chondrocytes were measured by CCK-8 assays. The phenotypes of extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration and inflammation were measured by qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA; and NF-κB pathway was detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Molecular docking was applied to predict the interacting protein of IVX, while Nrf2 was knocked down by siRNAs to confirm its role.

Results: We demonstrated that IVX suppressed ECM degeneration and suppressed pro-inflammatory factors in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Additionally, IVX impact on NF-κB signaling in IL-1β-exposed chondrocytic cells; Mechanistically, it was also demonstrated in molecular docking and knock down studies that IVX might bind to Nrf2 to suppress NF-κB pathway.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that IVX halts OA disease advancement through the Nrf2/NF-κB axis, suggesting a possibility of IVX as a target for OA therapy.