1. Academic Validation
  2. Sulforaphane Suppresses the Nicotine-Induced Expression of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 via Inhibiting ROS-Mediated AP-1 and NF-κB Signaling in Human Gastric Cancer Cells

Sulforaphane Suppresses the Nicotine-Induced Expression of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 via Inhibiting ROS-Mediated AP-1 and NF-κB Signaling in Human Gastric Cancer Cells

  • Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 5;23(9):5172. doi: 10.3390/ijms23095172.
Shinan Li 1 Pham Ngoc Khoi 2 Hong Yin 3 Dhiraj Kumar Sah 1 Nam-Ho Kim 1 Sen Lian 3 Young-Do Jung 1 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Korea.
  • 2 Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City 740500, Vietnam.
  • 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
  • 4 Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Korea.
Abstract

Sulforaphane, a natural phytochemical compound found in various Cruciferous vegetables, has been discovered to present anti-cancer properties. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a crucial role in gastric Cancer metastasis. However, the role of sulforaphane in MMP-9 expression in gastric Cancer is not yet defined. Nicotine, a psychoactive alkaloid found in tobacco, is associated with the development of gastric Cancer. Here, we found that sulforaphane suppresses the nicotine-mediated induction of MMP-9 in human gastric Cancer cells. We discovered that Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and MAPKs (p38 MAPK, ERK1/2) are involved in nicotine-induced MMP-9 expression. AP-1 and NF-κB are the critical transcription factors in MMP-9 expression. ROS/MAPK (p38 MAPK, ERK1/2) and ROS functioned as upstream signaling of AP-1 and NF-κB, respectively. Sulforaphane suppresses the nicotine-induced MMP-9 by inhibiting ROS-mediated MAPK (p38 MAPK, ERK1/2)/AP-1 and ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling axes, which in turn inhibit cell invasion in human gastric Cancer AGS cells. Therefore, the current study provides valuable evidence for developing sulforaphane as a new anti-invasion strategy for human gastric Cancer therapy.

Keywords

cell invasion; gastric cancer; metalloproteinase-9; nicotine; sulforaphane.

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