2. Academic Validation
  3. Evaluating the in Vitro Efficacy of Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia and Eurycoma harmandiana against Common Cold Human Coronavirus OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 Using In-Cell Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Evaluating the in Vitro Efficacy of Quassinoids from Eurycoma longifolia and Eurycoma harmandiana against Common Cold Human Coronavirus OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 Using In-Cell Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

  • J Nat Prod. 2022 Dec 23;85(12):2779-2788. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00736.
Rattanathorn Choonong 1,  Sasiporn Ruangdachsuwan 2,  Theeraporn Churod 2,  Somnuek Palabodeewat 2,  Surat Punyahathaikul 2,  Sanjira Juntarapornchai 2,  Kunjimas Ketsuwan 2,  Jukrapun Komaikul 2,  Promsin Masrinoul 2,  Tharita Kitisripanya 3,  Thaweesak Juengwatanatrakul 4,  Gorawit Yusakul 5,  Tripetch Kanchanapoom 1,  Waraporn Putalun 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
  • 2 Center for Vaccine Development, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
  • 3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
  • 4 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand.
  • 5 School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
PMID: 36399766 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00736
Abstract

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection, has become a pandemic and public health crisis. SARS-CoV-2 and the seasonal common cold coronavirus (HCoV-OC43) belong to the beta genus of human coronaviruses (HCoVs). In-cell ELISA assays were performed using HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated the Antiviral activity of herbal Plants. Eurycoma longifolia (EL) and Eurycoma harmandiana (EH) roots (antipyretic properties) and their constituent quassinoids, especially chaparrinone and eurycomalactone, showed potent anti-HCoV-OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 activities, and the low IC50 values of the mentioned constituents were observed in the range of 0.32-0.51 μM. Eurycomanone and 13β,21-dihydroeurycomanone may contribute to the Antiviral activity of EL, whereas chaparrinone is the major and active Antiviral constituent of EH root. The content of quassinoids, β-carboline, and canthin-6-one Alkaloids and the cytotoxicity profile of EL and EH extracts were varied regarding extraction Solvents. The boiled water and 50% EtOH extractions of both Plants were less toxic than those with 95% EtOH as the extraction solvent. Our research suggests that quassinoids, which come from EL and EH roots and are anti-coronavirus compounds, are potential treatment candidates for COVID-19 and merit further in vivo investigations.

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