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  2. New Insights into Decabromodiphenyl Ether-Induced Splenic Injury in Chickens: Involvement of ROS-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Triggering Autophagy and Apoptosis

New Insights into Decabromodiphenyl Ether-Induced Splenic Injury in Chickens: Involvement of ROS-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Triggering Autophagy and Apoptosis

  • J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Feb 21;72(7):3741-3754. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09104.
Bendong Shi 1 Bowen Dong 1 Jianhua Shan 1 Zhuoqi Zhang 1 Qiaohan Liu 1 Yangyang Jiang 1 Cheng Fang 1 Jingzeng Cai 1 Ziwei Zhang 1 2
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
  • 2 Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
Abstract

Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a widely used brominated flame retardant that can easily detach from Materials and enter into feed and foodstuffs, posing a serious risk to human and animal health and food safety of animal origin. However, the immunotoxic effects of BDE-209 on the avian spleen and the exact mechanism of the toxicity remain unknown. Therefore, we established an experimental model of BDE-209-exposed chickens and a positive control model of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in vivo and treated MDCC-MSB-1 cells and chicken splenic primary lymphocytes with BDE-209 in vitro. The results showed that BDE-209 treatment caused morphological and structural abnormalities in the chicken spleens. Mechanistically, Indicators related to oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), Autophagy, and Apoptosis were significantly altered by BDE-209 exposure in both the spleen and lymphocytes, but the use of the N-acetylcysteine or the 4-phenylbutyric acid significantly reversed these changes. In addition, BDE-209 exposure decreased the spleen antimicrobial peptide and immunoglobulin gene expression. In conclusion, the present research revealed that BDE-209 exposure enhanced lymphocyte Autophagy and Apoptosis in chicken spleen via the ROS-mediated ERS pathway. This signaling cascade regulatory relationship not only opens up a new avenue for studying BDE-209 immunotoxicity but also provides important insights into preventing BDE-209 hazards to animal health.

Keywords

ERS; apoptosis; autophagy; chicken spleen; decabromodiphenyl ether; oxidative stress.

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