Animal-Free GDF-5 Protein, Human (His)

The GDF-5 protein is critical in bone and cartilage formation, complexly regulating chondrogenic tissue differentiation through dual pathways. It positively affects cartilage formation by inducing SMAD protein signaling by binding to BMPR1B and BMPR1A. Animal-Free GDF-5 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived animal-FreeGDF-5 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of Animal-Free GDF-5 Protein, Human (His) is 120 a.a., with molecular weight of ~14.52 kDa.

GDF-5 Protein plays a pivotal role in bone and cartilage formation, intricately regulating chondrogenic tissue differentiation through dual pathways. Firstly, it positively influences chondrogenic tissue differentiation by binding with high affinity to BMPR1B and with lower affinity to BMPR1A, leading to the induction of SMAD1-SMAD5-SMAD8 complex phosphorylation and subsequent SMAD protein signaling transduction. Simultaneously, it negatively regulates chondrogenic differentiation through interaction with NOG. This protein is essential for preventing excessive muscle loss upon denervation, a function mediated by phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Additionally, GDF-5 binds bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mediates LPS-induced inflammatory responses, including TNF secretion by monocytes. Structurally, it forms homodimers linked by disulfide bonds and interacts with serine proteases HTRA1 and HTRA3. Following LPS binding, GDF-5 may form a complex with CXCR4, HSP90AA1, and HSPA8. Moreover, it interacts with high affinity with NOG to inhibit chondrogenesis and with BMPR1B and BMPR1A to positively regulate chondrocyte differentiation through SMAD-dependent signaling. Additionally, it engages in interactions with FBN1 and FBN2.

Measure by its ability to induce alkaline phosphatase production by ATDC5 cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is <14 ng/mL

Human

E. coli

C-His

P43026 (A382-R501)

8200  [NCBI]

MAPLATRQGKRPSKNLKARCSRKALHVNFKDMGWDDWIIAPLEYEAFHCEGLCEFPLRSHLEPTNHAVIQTLMNSMDPESTPPTCCVPTRLSPISILFIDSANNVVYKQYEDMVVESCGCR

Approximately 14.52 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a solution containing 20 mM sodium citrate, 0.2 M NaCl, pH 3.5, trehalose.

<0.1 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US;may vary elsewhere.