GITR Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc-Avi)

GITR (TNFRSF18) is a member of the TNFR superfamily. GITR promotes T cell activation and proliferation and increases resistance to tumors and viral infections, and exacerbates autoimmune diseases and inflammation processes^[1]. GITR Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc-Avi) is a recombinant protein with a C-terminal Fc label and a C-terminal Avi label, It consists of 161 amino acids (M1-E161) and is produced in HEK293 cells.

GITR is expressed on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and some activated immune cells, including effector T lymphocytes, nature killer (NK) cells, and neutrophils^[1].
The amino acid sequence of human GITR protein has low homology for mouse GITR protein.
GITR does not have any enzymatic activity and signaling is propagated via recruiting TRAF-family members, specifically TRAF1, TRAF2 and TRAF5, to the GITR-signaling complex. The signaling is then mediated through NF-kB and MAPK pathways. GITR does not have any enzymatic activity and signaling is propagated via recruiting TRAF-family members, specifically TRAF1, TRAF2 and TRAF5, to the GITR-signaling complex. The signaling is then mediated through NF-kB and MAPK pathways, protecting T cells from TCR activation-induced cell death^[2].
GITR (Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, also known as TNFRSF18) is a type I transmembrane protein. GITR stimulates the proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes and partially reverses the immunosuppressive function of CD4+CD25+ Tregs^[1]. GITR is activated by its ligand GITRL (TNFSF18). GITR induces NOS in murine macrophage in a time and dose-dependent manner^[3]. GITR inhibits Multiple Myeloma (MM) cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and induces apoptosis^[4].

Human

HEK293

C-Avi;C-hFc

Q9Y5U5 (Q26-E161)

8784  [NCBI]

Approximately 43.1 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

• [1]. Tian J, et al. The Role of GITR/GITRL Interaction in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 9;11:588682.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Krausz LT, et al. GITR-GITRL system, a novel player in shock and inflammation. ScientificWorldJournal. 2007 May 1;7:533-66.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Shin HH, et al. Recombinant glucocorticoid induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (rGITR) induces NOS in murine macrophage. FEBS Lett. 2002 Mar 13;514(2-3):275-80.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Liu Y, et al. Novel tumor suppressor function of glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor GITR in multiple myeloma. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 13;8(6):e66982.  [Content Brief]