GITR Protein, Rat (HEK293, Fc)

GITR (TNFRSF18) is a member of the TNFR superfamily. GITR promotes T cell activation and proliferation and increases resistance to tumors and viral infections, and exacerbates autoimmune diseases and inflammation processes^[1]. GITR Protein, Rat (HEK293, Fc) is a recombinant protein with a C-terminal Fc label, It consists of 121 amino acids (M1-K121) and is produced in HEK293 cells.

GITR is expressed on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and some activated immune cells, including effector T lymphocytes, nature killer (NK) cells, and neutrophils^[1].
The amino acid sequence of human GITR protein has low homology for mouse GITR protein.
GITR does not have any enzymatic activity and signaling is propagated via recruiting TRAF-family members, specifically TRAF1, TRAF2 and TRAF5, to the GITR-signaling complex. The signaling is then mediated through NF-kB and MAPK pathways. GITR does not have any enzymatic activity and signaling is propagated via recruiting TRAF-family members, specifically TRAF1, TRAF2 and TRAF5, to the GITR-signaling complex. The signaling is then mediated through NF-kB and MAPK pathways, protecting T cells from TCR activation-induced cell death^[2].
GITR (Glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, also known as TNFRSF18) is a type I transmembrane protein. GITR stimulates the proliferation of effector T-lymphocytes and partially reverses the immunosuppressive function of CD4+CD25+ Tregs^[1]. GITR is activated by its ligand GITRL (TNFSF18). GITR induces NOS in murine macrophage in a time and dose-dependent manner^[3]. GITR inhibits Multiple Myeloma (MM) cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo and induces apoptosis^[4].

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Rat GITR at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Biotinylated Mouse GITR Ligand. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 82.41 ng/mL.

• 
  Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized Rat GITR at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Biotinylated Mouse GITR Ligand. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 82.41ng/mL.

Rat

HEK293

C-hFc

Q5M835 (E25-K121)

/

EEPSCGPGRVRNGTGTNTRCCSLCGPDKEDCPKGRCICVKPEYHCEDPQCKTCKHYPCQPGQRVESQGNIKFGFQCVDCAMGTFSAGREGHCRLWTK

Approximately 44 kDa

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Tian J, et al. The Role of GITR/GITRL Interaction in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 9;11:588682.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Krausz LT, et al. GITR-GITRL system, a novel player in shock and inflammation. ScientificWorldJournal. 2007 May 1;7:533-66.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Shin HH, et al. Recombinant glucocorticoid induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (rGITR) induces NOS in murine macrophage. FEBS Lett. 2002 Mar 13;514(2-3):275-80.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Liu Y, et al. Novel tumor suppressor function of glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor GITR in multiple myeloma. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 13;8(6):e66982.  [Content Brief]