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Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human

Cat. No.: HY-P73431A
COA Handling Instructions

Thioredoxin/TXN Protein participates in diverse redox reactions, using its active center dithiol for reversible oxidation and disulfide bond formation. It catalyzes crucial dithiol-disulfide exchanges and plays a pivotal role in S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues, responding to intracellular nitric oxide. Thioredoxin regulates caspase-3 activity by nitrosylating CASP3's active site cysteine. It also influences FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA binding and augments interleukin-2 receptor expression, showcasing its multifaceted cellular role beyond redox regulation. Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived Thioredoxin/TXN protein, expressed by E. coli, with tag free. The total length of Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human is 105 a.a., with molecular weight of ~14 kDa.

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Description

Thioredoxin/TXN Protein participates in diverse redox reactions, using its active center dithiol for reversible oxidation and disulfide bond formation. It catalyzes crucial dithiol-disulfide exchanges and plays a pivotal role in S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues, responding to intracellular nitric oxide. Thioredoxin regulates caspase-3 activity by nitrosylating CASP3's active site cysteine. It also influences FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA binding and augments interleukin-2 receptor expression, showcasing its multifaceted cellular role beyond redox regulation. Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived Thioredoxin/TXN protein, expressed by E. coli, with tag free. The total length of Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human is 105 a.a., with molecular weight of ~14 kDa.

Background

Thioredoxin/TXN Protein actively engages in diverse redox reactions, employing the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to form a disulfide bond, and catalyzes crucial dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Beyond its classical redox functions, Thioredoxin plays a pivotal role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues within target proteins, contributing to the cellular response to intracellular nitric oxide. Notably, it exerts regulatory control over caspase-3 activity by nitrosylating the active site cysteine of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide. Moreover, Thioredoxin demonstrates its influence on the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation cells, modulating AP-1 transcriptional activity through its oxidation/reduction status. Additionally, Thioredoxin is implicated in the augmentation of interleukin-2 receptor TAC (IL2R/P55) expression, highlighting its multifaceted role in cellular processes beyond redox regulation.

Biological Activity

Measured by its ability to catalyze the reduction of insulin. The reaction leads toprecipitation, which can be measured by absorbance at 650 nm and the specific activity is 5-10 A650/min/mg.

Species

Human

Source

E. coli

Tag

Tag Free

Accession

P10599 (M1-V105)

Gene ID

7295

Molecular Construction
N-term
TXN (M1-V105)
Accession # P10599
C-term
Synonyms
Thioredoxin; TXN; Trx; ADF; TRX1; SASP
AA Sequence

MVKQIESKTAFQEALDAAGDKLVVVDFSATWCGPCKMIKPFFHSLSEKYSNVIFLEVDVDDCQDVASECEVKCMPTFQFFKKGQKVGEFSGANKEKLEATINELV

Molecular Weight

Approximately 14 kDa

Purity
  • Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.
Appearance

Lyophilized powder

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

Endotoxin Level

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH2O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Documentation

Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

  • Reconstitution Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

  • Specific Activity Calculator

The reconstitution calculator equation

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Volume (to add to vial) = Mass (in vial) ÷ Desired Reconstitution Concentration
= ÷

The dilution calculator equation

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
× = ×
C1   V1   C2   V2

The specific activity calculator equation

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)
Unit/mg = 106 ÷ ng/mL

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Product Name:
Thioredoxin/TXN Protein, Human
Cat. No.:
HY-P73431A
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