TLR4 Protein, Human (sf9, His)

TLR4 is a transmembrane receptor that recognizes PAMPs and DAMPs and cooperates with LY96 for LPS detection. TLR4 activates MYD88-dependent and independent signaling pathways and participates in TIRAP, TRAF6 and CD14-mediated endocytosis. TLR4 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is the recombinant human-derived TLR4 protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-His labeled tag. The total length of TLR4 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is 608 a.a., with molecular weight of ~68 kDa.

TLR4, a transmembrane receptor, operates as a pattern recognition receptor, detecting pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) to initiate innate immune responses. At the plasma membrane, it collaborates with LY96 to recognize bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triggering an immune response. Moreover, TLR4 is involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses induced by free fatty acids and Ni(2+). The receptor acts through signaling pathways involving MYD88, TIRAP, and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation and cytokine secretion. Additionally, CD14-mediated TLR4 internalization via endocytosis initiates a MYD88-independent signaling pathway through the TICAM1-TBK1-IRF3 axis, resulting in type I interferon production. TLR4 activation also leads to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and a positive feedback loop between autophagy and the NF-kappa-B signaling cascade. In complex with TLR6, TLR4 promotes inflammation in monocytes/macrophages, and ligand binding triggers internalization and an inflammatory response. TLR4's diverse interactions, including those with LY96, MYD88, TIRAP, TICAM2, NOX4, CNPY3, HSP90B1, CD36, WDFY1, SMPDL3B, CEACAM1, RFTN1, SCIMP, TRAF3IP3, and TREM1, further highlight its pivotal role in orchestrating immune responses and cellular signaling.

Human

Sf9 insect cells

C-His

O00206 (E24-K631)

7099  [NCBI]

Approximately 68 kDa

Greater than 87% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 500 mM NaCl, pH 6.0, 10% Glycerol. Normally 5 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween 80 are added as protectants before lyophilization.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O.

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.