Sanguinarine (Synonyms: Sanguinarin; Sanguinarium; Pseudochelerythrine)

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Sanguinarine (Sanguinarin), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid derived from the root of Sanguinaria Canadensis, can stimulate apoptosis via activating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Sanguinarine-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB.

At equivalent molar concentrations, both the salt and free forms of a compound exhibit comparable biological activity. Nevertheless, the salt form (Sanguinarine chloride) usually boasts enhanced water solubility and stability.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Sanguinarine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 2447-54-3

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5 mg	Get quote	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	Get quote	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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Other Forms of Sanguinarine:

Sanguinarine chloride In-stock
Sanguinarine (gluconate) Get quote

11 Publications Citing Use of MCE Sanguinarine

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Biological Activity
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
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Description

IC₅₀ & Target

Apoptosis^[1]

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	610 nM Compound: 1	Growth inhibition of human A549 cells measured every 2 hrs over 6 days by live cell imaging based method Growth inhibition of human A549 cells measured every 2 hrs over 6 days by live cell imaging based method	[PMID: 28621943]
K562	IC₅₀	2 μM Compound: Sanguinarine	Inhibition of NF-kappaB transactivation in TNF-alpha-stimulated human K562 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by TNF-alpha challenge measured after 6 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay Inhibition of NF-kappaB transactivation in TNF-alpha-stimulated human K562 cells preincubated for 2 hrs followed by TNF-alpha challenge measured after 6 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 24775915]
MKN-45	IC₅₀	1.51 μM Compound: Sanguinarine	Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MKN45 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27887841]
NB-4	IC₅₀	0.53 μM Compound: Sanguinarine	Cytotoxicity against human NB4 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human NB4 cells assessed as decrease in cell viability after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 27887841]

In Vitro

Sanguinarine (SANG)-induced apoptosis is associated with the activation of JNK and NF-κB signal pathways.To determine the effects of Sanguinarine on cell viability, 22B-cFluc cells are stimulated with different concentrations of Sanguinarine for 24 h, and then a CKK-8 assay is performed. The treatment with Sanguinarine decreases the proliferation of 22B cells in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the cytosolic extracts of 22B-cFluc cells treated with different dose of Sanguinarine are measured to detect cellular caspase-3 activity using Ac-DEVD-pNA, which is a validated caspase-3 substrate. The absorbance at 450 nm increases in a dose-dependent manner, indicating increased caspase-3 activity stimulated by Sanguinarine^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

To evaluate the apoptosis induced by Sanguinarine (SANG) in vivo, 22B-cFluc cells are inoculated subcutaneously into one flank of nude mice and xenograft models are allowed to establish. Mice are treated intravenously with 10 mg/kg of Sanguinarine. At 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment, bioluminescent imaging is performed after i.p. injection of mice with 150 mg/kg of D-luciferin substrate. Sanguinarine treatment induces an obvious increase of luminescent signal as early as 48 h after initial treatment. A sustained bioluminescent imaging (BLI) intensity increased is observed throughout the course of experiment. At 72 h after treatment, the tumors are collected and subjected to TUNEL staining for evaluating apoptosis. Compared with the control tumors, the group treated with Sanguinarine exhibits significantly more cell apoptosis, indicated by the increased green signals from the sporadic apoptotic cells^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Molecular Weight

332.33

Formula

C₂₀H₁₄NO₄⁺

CAS No.

2447-54-3

SMILES

C[N+]1=CC2=C3C(OCO3)=CC=C2C(C=CC4=C5)=C1C4=CC6=C5OCO6

Structure Classification

Initial Source

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.

Purity & Documentation

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Wang Y, Noninvasive bioluminescence imaging of the dynamics of sanguinarine induced apoptosis via activation of reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget. 2016 Apr 19;7(16):22355-67. [Content Brief]

Kinase Assay ^[1]	The caspase-3 activity is measured using a caspase-3 activity assay kit. Briefly, the cells treated by different concentrations of Sanguinarine (0.5 μM, 1 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM) or control DMSO are collected, washed and lysed in a lysis buffer for 30 min on ice. The supernatants are then collected by centrifuging at 1,2000 rpm for 10 min. The Ac-DEVD-pNA (2 mM) is added to each sample and incubated at 37°C for 1 h. The optical density (OD) of each sample is finally quantified at a wavelength of 405 nm using a spectrophotometer. The p-NA standard is used to calibrate the caspase-3 activity of each sample^[1]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Assay ^[1]	The cell viability of Sanguinarine is determined by CCK-8 assay using a cell counting kit-8. Briefly, 22B-cFluc cells are seeded in a 96-well plate (5×10³ cells/well) and treated with different concentrations of Sanguinarine (0.5 μM, 1 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM) for 24 h. Then 10 mL CKK-8 is added to each well for 4 h and the absorbance at 450 nm is measured with a microplate reader. The optical density (OD) values are determined to reflect the viable cell populations from each well^[1]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration ^[1]	Mice^[1] Xenografted tumor models are prepared by injection of 1×10⁷ 22B-cFluc cells suspended in PBS into nude mouse (n=6). After tumors reach a volume of approximately 100 mm³, Sanguinarine (10 mg/kg) is i.v. injected into mice. After injection for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, mice are given a single i.p. dose of 150 mg/kg D-luciferin and bioluminescence imaging are performed using a Xenogen Lumina II system. The signal intensity in the region of interest is expressed using the Living Image software 4.1. For the anti-tumor therapy studies, one group of tumor-bearing mice (n=6) receive intravenously 10 mg/kg of Sanguinarine every other day throughout the experimental period, while the control group of mice (n=6) receive DMSO only. Tumor growth measurement is calculated^[1]. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References	[1]. Wang Y, Noninvasive bioluminescence imaging of the dynamics of sanguinarine induced apoptosis via activation of reactive oxygen species. Oncotarget. 2016 Apr 19;7(16):22355-67. [Content Brief]

Sanguinarine Related Classifications

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Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Sanguinarine2447-54-3Sanguinarin Sanguinarium PseudochelerythrineApoptosisAutophagyInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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