2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonic Anhydrase

Carbonate dehydratase

Carbonic Anhydrase

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a zinc-containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide: CO2 + H2O ⇋ HCO3- + H+. Eight genetically distinct carbonic anhydrase enzyme families (α-, β-, γ- δ-, ζ-, η-, θ- and ι- CAs) were described to date. Carbonic anhydrases are involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Many of them are important therapeutic targets with the potential to be inhibited to treat a range of disorders including oedema, glaucoma, obesity, cancer, epilepsy, and osteoporosis.

The carbonic anhydrase reaction is involved in many physiological and pathological processes, including respiration and transport of CO2 and bicarbonate between metabolizing tissues and lungs; pH and CO2 homeostasis; electrolyte secretion in various tissues and organs; biosynthetic reactions (such as gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, and ureagenesis); bone resorption; calcification; and tumorigenicity. α-CAs are Zn2+ metalloproteins expressed in animals, vertebrates, prokaryotes, fungi, algae, protozoa, and plants. Sixteen mammalian α-CA isoforms are known to be involved in many diseases such as glaucoma, edema, epilepsy, obesity, hypoxic tumors, neuropathic pain, arthritis, neurodegeneration, etc.

Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Specific Products:

Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0397R
    Dichlorphenamide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Dichlorphenamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dichlorphenamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dichlorphenamide (Diclofenamide) is an orally active, specific, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Dichlorphenamide can reduce intraocular pressure by inhibiting the secretion of water from the eye. Dichlorphenamide can be used for glaucoma research.
    Dichlorphenamide (Standard)
  • HY-147353
    Phenylsulfamide
    		Inhibitor
    Phenylsulfamide (Compound 10) is a human carbonic anhydrase-II (hCA-II) inhibitor with a Kd of 45.50 μM and a Ki of 79.60 μM.
    Phenylsulfamide
  • HY-147722
    hCAIX-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    hCAIX-IN-8 (compound 7i) is a potent and selective hCAIX inhibitor with IC50s of 1.99, 0.024, 1.10 μM for CAII, CAIX, CAVA respectively. hCAIX-IN-8 shows anti-proliferation activity with low toxicity. hCAIX-IN-8 decreases the epithelial to mesenchymal transitions and induces apoptosis. hCAIX-IN-8 inhibits cell migration and colonization potential.
    hCAIX-IN-8
  • HY-157462
    FC14-584B
    		Inhibitor
    FC14-584B, a dithiocarbamate, is a β-Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor. FC14-584B inhibits the growth of trophozoites. FC14-584B can be used for the research of tuberculosis.
    FC14-584B
  • HY-W403930
    Sulclamide
    		Inhibitor
    Sulclamide is a sulfamoylbenzoic acid derivative with diuretic activity. Sulclamide is an inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase.
    Sulclamide
  • HY-119063
    L-645151
    		Inhibitor
    L-645151 is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor with ocular penetration and hypotensive activity. L-645151 lowers the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of o-chymotripsinized (o-CT) rabbit eyes. L-645151 is promising for research of an ocular hypotensive agent.
    L-645151
  • HY-108316S
    Sulthiame-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Sulthiame-d4 is the deuterium labeled Sultiame. Sultiame is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, widely used as an antiepileptic agent[1][2].
    Sulthiame-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-B0562R
    Methyclothiazide (Standard)
    Methyclothiazide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Methyclothiazide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methyclothiazide is an orally active antihypertensive agent and a diuretic agent. Methyclothiazide leads to a reduction of the vascular response to the action of endogenous vasoconstricting stimuli, such as Norepinephrine (HY-13715). Methyclothiazide is against voltage-dependent Ca-channel (VDCC) activity in vitro.
    Methyclothiazide (Standard)
  • HY-B0122S1
    Topiramate-13C
    		Inhibitor
    Topiramate-13C (McN 4853-13C) is 13C labeled Topiramate. Topiramate (McN 4853) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic agent. Topiramate is a GluR5 receptor antagonist. Topiramate produces its antiepileptic effects through enhancement of GABAergic activity, inhibition of kainate/AMPA receptors, inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium and calcium channels, increases in potassium conductance, and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase.
    Topiramate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>
  • HY-W778555
    Diclofenamide-13C6
    		Inhibitor
    Diclofenamide-13C6 is 13C-labeled Diclofenamide (HY-B0397).
    Diclofenamide-13C6
  • HY-171187
    Chlorzolamide
    		Inhibitor
    Chlorzolamide (CL 13580) is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Chlorzolamide has an effect on the skeletal muscle of rats, which can reduce the tetanic contraction force of soleus and extensor digitorum longus and prolong the relaxation time and peak time of muscle contraction. In addition, Chlorzolamide inhibits tumor cell proliferation and has antitumor activity.
    Chlorzolamide
  • HY-W031519
    Chloraminophenamide
    		Inhibitor
    Chloraminophenamide (Compound 14) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Kis of 75, 160 and 8400 nM for hCA II, bCA IV and hCA I, respectively. Chloraminophenamide has the potential for antiglaucoma research.
    Chloraminophenamide
  • HY-134043
    Chlorthalidone Impurity G
    		Inhibitor
    Chlorthalidone Impurity G (Chlorthalidone EP Impurity G) is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of chlorthalidone with moderate antihypertensive effects. Chlorthalidone is a thiazide diuretic that inhibits the Na+/Cl- cotransporter in the distal tubule of the kidney, thereby preventing sodium and chloride reabsorption, resulting in decreased plasma volume and cardiac output. It also inhibits carbonic anhydrase (CA), including isoenzymes CAVB, VII, IX, XII, and XIII (Kis=2.8-23 nM) and to a lesser extent CAI, CAII, IV, VA, and VI (Ki=138-1,347 nM), mediating vasodilatory activity.
    Chlorthalidone Impurity G
  • HY-137966A
    N-Desethyl Brinzolamide oxalate
    		Inhibitor
    N-Desethyl Brinzolamide oxalate is a dual inhibitor of Carbonic anhydrase II and Carbonic anhydrase IV with IC50s of 1.28 and 128 nM, respectively.
    N-Desethyl Brinzolamide oxalate
  • HY-132156
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 22
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 22 (Compd 2g), a sulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, with Ki values of 762 nM (hCA I), 20.3 nM (hCA II), 8.3 nM (hCA VII), 17.9 nM (hCA IX) and 10.5 nM (hCA XII), repectively.
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 22
  • HY-16726R
    Polmacoxib (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Polmacoxib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Polmacoxib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Polmacoxib (CG100649) is a first-in-class, orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) which is a dual inhibitor of COX-2 (IC50 around 0.1 μg/ml) and carbonic anhydrase. Polmacoxib inhibits colorectal adenoma and tumor growth in mouse models.
    Polmacoxib (Standard)
  • HY-B0122SS1
    Topiramate-13C6-1
    		Inhibitor
    Topiramate-13C6-1 (McN 4853-13C6-1; RWJ 17021-13C6-1) is 13C-labeled Topiramate (HY-B0122).
    Topiramate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>-1
  • HY-B0109S
    Dorzolamide-d5
    		Inhibitor
    Dorzolamide-d5 is the deuterium labeled Dorzolamide. Dorzolamide (L671152) is a potent carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.18 nM and 600 nM for red blood cell CA-II and CA-I respectively. Dorzolamide possesses anti-tumor activity[1][2].
    Dorzolamide-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-B1471R
    Fluorometholone acetate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Fluorometholone acetate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fluorometholone acetate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fluorometholone acetate is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid and a corticosteroid ester. Fluorometholone acetate potently inhibits carbonic anhydrase (CA) with IC50s of 2.18 μM and 17.5 μM for hCA-I and hCA-II, respectively. Fluorometholone acetate has anti-inflammatory effect and has the potential for external ocular inflammation research.
    Fluorometholone acetate (Standard)
  • HY-163660
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 23
    		Inhibitor
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 23 (compound 40) is a potent inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase (CA), with the Ki of 617.2 nM and 434.1 nM for hCA I (α) and hCA II (α), respectively.
    Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 23
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Comparison

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