2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-15206R
    Glibenclamide (Standard)
    Glibenclamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glibenclamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR). Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy.
    Glibenclamide (Standard)
  • HY-168020
    SJ-106C
    SJ-106C is a SIRT inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.59, 0.12, and 0.49 μM for SIRT1/2/3 respectively. SJ-106C can target mitochondria and inhibit the growth of DLBCL tumors.
    SJ-106C
  • HY-N4104R
    Agaric acid (Standard)
    		Activator
    Agaric acid (Standard)
  • HY-153819
    Sperm motility agonist-2
    		Agonist 98.51%
    Sperm motility agonist-2 (compound 797) is a Sperm motility agonist, that may affect mitochondrial function. Sperm motility agonist-2 can be used in studies of infertility and enhancement of fertility.
    Sperm motility agonist-2
  • HY-168639
    AMPK activator 15
    AP39 prodrug 1 (Compound M1) is a mitochondria-targeted H2S prodrug. AP39 prodrug 1 induces ROS-dependent mild mitochondrial uncoupling, activating mitochondria-associated AMPK to suppress Palmitic acid (PA) (HY-N0830)-induced lipid deposition in hepatocytes.
    AMPK activator 15
  • HY-162515
    8-OAc
    8-OAc is a potent and selective mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I inhibitor. 8-OAc exhibits cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines.
    8-OAc
  • HY-122534
    Mensacarcin
    		Inhibitor
    Mensacarcin, a highly complex polyketide, strongly inhibits cell growth universally in cancer cell lines and potently induces apoptosis in melanoma cells. Mensacarcin targets to mitochondria, affects energy metabolism in mitochondria, and activates caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways. Mensacarcin, an antibiotic, can be used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).
    Mensacarcin
  • HY-137566
    Cucumarioside H
    Cucumarioside H is a novel triterpene glycoside isolated from the Far Eastern sea cucumber Eupentacta fraudatrix, including H2, H3 and H4. These glycosides have a branched pentasyl structure with a rare 3-O-methyl-D-xylose as the terminal monosaccharide. H2 contains 23,24,25,26,27-pentanolone sterols and has an 18(16)-lactone, which is not common in sea cucumbers. The glycoside portion of H3 contains an extremely rare ethoxyl radical at the 25 position, which may be an artifact formed during the long ethanol extraction process. Studies have shown that H1-3 are cytotoxic to mouse spleen lymphocytes, hemolytic to mouse erythrocytes, and cytotoxic to Ehrlich carcinoma cells. The presence of a 25-hydroxyl group in the glycoside portion significantly reduces these activities.
    Cucumarioside H
  • HY-N0832S
    L-Histidine-15N3
    		Inhibitor
    L-Histidine-15N3 is the 15N-labeled L-Histidine. L-Histidine is an essential amino acid for infants. L-Histidine is an inhibitor of mitochondrial glutamine transport.
    L-Histidine-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-146145
    Metyltetraprole
    		Inhibitor
    Metyltetraprole is a promising fungicide with EC50 values of both 0.002 ppm against sensitive wild-type and G143A mutant of Zymoseptoria tritici. Metyltetraprole is effective against QoI (quinone outside inhibitor) resistant strains. Metyltetraprole inhibits the respiratory chain via complex III.
    Metyltetraprole
  • HY-172116
    Mitochondria modulator-2
    		Inhibitor
    Mitochondria modulator-2 (Compound Ir1) induces the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, induces ROS generation, inhibits cell migration of A549, arrests the cell cycle at G2/M phase, and induces apoptosis in A549.
    Mitochondria modulator-2
  • HY-W040298R
    Ciprofloxacin (lactate) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ciprofloxacin (lactate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin (lactate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) lactate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin lactate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin lactate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin lactate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity[4].
    Ciprofloxacin (lactate) (Standard)
  • HY-155107
    ND-011992
    		Inhibitor 98.26%
    ND-011992 is a reversible, selective quinazoline-type inhibitor targeting quinone reductases and quinol oxidases. ND-011992 inhibits respiratory complex I and bo3 oxidase in addition to bd-I and bd-II oxidases in E. coli strain BL21*Δcyo with the IC50 of 0.12, 2.47, 0.63 and 1.3 μM, respectively. ND-011992 can be used for tuberculosis study.
    ND-011992
  • HY-145304
    DX3-235
    		Inhibitor
    DX3-235 is an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) inhibitor. DX3-235 shows nanomolar inhibition of complex I function and ATP production in a galactose-containing medium resulting in significant cytotoxicity.
    DX3-235
  • HY-114898
    ML404
    ML404 (Compound 38) is an inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP), which can suppress mitochondrial swelling (EC50=4.9 nM) and only disrupts mitochondrial coupling (an adverse effect) at concentrations > 100 μM. ML404 can be utilized in research related to multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), muscular dystrophies (MD), myocardial infarction, and stroke.
    ML404
  • HY-162904
    BPU17
    BPU17 binds to PHB1 and causes mild defects in mitochondrial function by defects in the PHB1-PHB2 interaction. This impairment inhibits the SRF/CArG-box-dependent transcription, resulting in the suppression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs). BPU17 exhibits antifibrotic activity in vivo. BPU17 is promising for research of anti-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) agent.
    BPU17
  • HY-162516
    DBI-2
    		Inhibitor
    DBI-2 is an AMPK activator targeting mitochondrial complex I. DBI-2 disrupts the OXPHOS process, and reduces ATP generation in mitochondria. DBI-2 inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.
    DBI-2
  • HY-B0356R
    Ciprofloxacin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ciprofloxacin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity.
    Ciprofloxacin (Standard)
  • HY-169926
    AK-4
    		Inhibitor
    AK-4 is a glucose-lowering agent, acting function as a mitochondrial uncoupler.
    AK-4
  • HY-150966
    Antiproliferative agent-10
    		Inhibitor
    Antiproliferative agent-10 (compound 8) is an anti-tumour ruthenium(II)-tris-pyrazolylmethane complex that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by inhibiting mitochondrial calcium uptake.
    Antiproliferative agent-10
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity