2. Academic Validation
  3. 7-Methylguanosine Modifications in Transfer RNA (tRNA)

7-Methylguanosine Modifications in Transfer RNA (tRNA)

  • Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Dec 17;19(12):4080. doi: 10.3390/ijms19124080.
Chie Tomikawa 1
Affiliations

Affiliation

  • 1 Department of Materials Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan. tomikawa.chie.mm@ehime-u.ac.jp.
PMID: 30562954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124080
Abstract

More than 90 different modified nucleosides have been identified in tRNA. Among the tRNA modifications, the 7-methylguanosine (m⁷G) modification is found widely in eubacteria, eukaryotes, and a few archaea. In most cases, the m⁷G modification occurs at position 46 in the variable region and is a product of tRNA (m⁷G46) methyltransferase. The m⁷G46 modification forms a tertiary base pair with C13-G22, and stabilizes the tRNA structure. A reaction mechanism for eubacterial tRNA m⁷G methyltransferase has been proposed based on the results of biochemical, bioinformatic, and structural studies. However, an experimentally determined mechanism of methyl-transfer remains to be ascertained. The physiological functions of m⁷G46 in tRNA have started to be determined over the past decade. For example, tRNA m⁷G46 or tRNA (m⁷G46) methyltransferase controls the amount of Other tRNA modifications in thermophilic bacteria, contributes to the pathogenic infectivity, and is also associated with several diseases. In this review, information of tRNA m⁷G modifications and tRNA m⁷G methyltransferases is summarized and the differences in reaction mechanism between tRNA m⁷G methyltransferase and rRNA or mRNA m⁷G methylation Enzyme are discussed.

Keywords

RNA modification; methylase; tRNA methyltransferase; tRNA modification.

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