2. Academic Validation
  3. Memory Enhancement by Oral Administration of Extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus Leaves and Active Compounds Transferred in the Brain

Memory Enhancement by Oral Administration of Extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus Leaves and Active Compounds Transferred in the Brain

  • Nutrients. 2019 May 22;11(5):1142. doi: 10.3390/nu11051142.
Yui Yamauchi 1,  Yue-Wei Ge 2,  Kayo Yoshimatsu 3,  Katsuko Komastu 4,  Tomoharu Kuboyama 5,  Ximeng Yang 6,  Chihiro Tohda 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Division of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. momoktt226@gmail.com.
  • 2 Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. yueweige@aliyun.com.
  • 3 Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Ibaraki 305-0834, Japan. yoshimat@nibiohn.go.jp.
  • 4 Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. katsukok@inm.u-toyama.ac.jp.
  • 5 Division of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. kuboyama@inm.u-toyama.ac.jp.
  • 6 Division of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. ximeng@inm.u-toyama.ac.jp.
  • 7 Division of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. chihiro@inm.u-toyama.ac.jp.
PMID: 31121888 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051142
Abstract

The pharmacological properties of Eleutherococcus senticosus leaf have not been clarified although it is taken as a food item. In this study, the effects of water extract of Eleutherococcus senticosus leaves on memory function were investigated in normal mice. Oral administration of the extract for 17 days significantly enhanced object recognition memory. Compounds absorbed in blood and the brain after oral administration of the leaf extract were detected by LC-MS/MS analyses. Primarily detected compounds in plasma and the cerebral cortex were ciwujianoside C3, eleutheroside M, ciwujianoside B, and ciwujianoside A1. Pure compounds except for ciwujianoside A1 were administered orally for 17 days to normal mice. Ciwujianoside C3, eleutheroside M, and ciwujianoside B significantly enhanced object recognition memory. These results demonstrated that oral administration of the leaf extract of E. senticosus enhances memory function, and that active ingredients in the extract, such as ciwujianoside C3, eleutheroside M, and ciwujianoside B, were able to penetrate and work in the brain. Those three compounds as well as the leaf extract had dendrite extension activity against primary cultured cortical neurons. The effect might relate to memory enhancement.

Keywords

Eleutheococcus senticosus leaf; blood-brain barrier; dendrite; memory; mice.

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