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  2. Formulation and evaluation of injectable dextran sulfate sodium nanoparticles as a potent antibacterial agent

Formulation and evaluation of injectable dextran sulfate sodium nanoparticles as a potent antibacterial agent

  • Sci Rep. 2021 May 10;11(1):9914. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89330-0.
Osama A Madkhali 1 Sivakumar Sivagurunathan Moni 2 Muhammad H Sultan 1 Haitham A Bukhary 3 Mohammed Ghazwani 4 Nabil A Alhakamy 5 6 Abdulkarim M Meraya 7 Saeed Alshahrani 8 Saad Saeed Alqahtani 7 Mohammed Ali Bakkari 1 M Intakhab Alam 1 Mohamed Eltaib Elmobark 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Postal Code 45142, Saudi Arabia.
  • 2 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Jazan, Postal Code 45142, Saudi Arabia. drsmsivakumar@gmail.com.
  • 3 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia.
  • 4 Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
  • 5 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
  • 6 Center of Excellence for Drug Research and Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abudlaziz, University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
  • 7 Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
  • 8 Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to develop a novel nano Antibacterial formulation of dextran sulfate sodium polymer. The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) nanoparticles were formulated with gelation technique. The nanoparticles exhibited significant physicochemical and effective Antibacterial properties, with zeta potential of - 35.2 mV, particle size of 69.3 z d nm, polydispersity index of 0.6, and percentage polydispersity of 77.8. The DSS nanoparticles were stable up to 102 °C. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed an endothermic peak at 165.77 °C in 12.46 min, while XRD analysis at 2θ depicted various peaks at 21.56°, 33.37°, 38.73°, 47.17°, 52.96°, and 58.42°, indicating discrete nanoparticle formation. Antibacterial studies showed that the DSS nanoparticles were effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of DSS nanoparticles for Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Proteus vulgaris (P. vulgaris) were 150, 200, 250, 150, 200, 250, 250 µg/mL, respectively. The Antibacterial effects of DSS nanoparticles were in the order E. coli (26 ± 1.2 mm) at 150 µg/mL > S. pyogenes (24.6 ± 0.8 mm) at 250 µg/mL > B. subtilis (23.5 ± 2 mm) at 150 µg/mL > K. pneumoniae (22 ± 2 mm) at 250 µg/mL > P. aeruginosa (21.8 ± 1 mm) at 200 µg/mL > S. aureus (20.8 ± 1 mm) at 200 µg/mL > P. vulgaris (20.5 ± 0.9 mm) at 250 µg/mL. These results demonstrate the Antibacterial potency of DSS injectable nanoparticles.

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