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  3. Gnetum montanum extract induces apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of AKT in SW480 human colon cancer cells

Gnetum montanum extract induces apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of AKT in SW480 human colon cancer cells

  • Pharm Biol. 2022 Dec;60(1):915-930. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2063340.
Xianglong Pan 1 2 3,  Xiaotao Hou 1 2 3 4,  Fan Zhang 1 2 3 4,  Peiling Tang 5,  Wanruo Wan 1 2 3,  Zixia Su 1 2 3,  Yeguo Yang 1 2 3,  Wei Wei 1 2 3 4,  Zhengcai Du 1 2 3 4,  Jiagang Deng 1 2 3 4,  Erwei Hao 1 2 3 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
  • 2 Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
  • 3 Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
  • 4 Guangxi Key Laboratory of TCM Formulas Theory and Transformation for Damp Diseases, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
  • 5 Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PMID: 35587342 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2063340
Abstract

Context: Gnetum montanum Markgr. (Gnetaceae) is used to treat rheumatic arthralgia and bruises in the clinic.

Objective: To exam the activity and mechanism of G. montanum extract (GME) against colon Cancer cells SW480.

Materials and methods: The anti-proliferative activity of GME (0-120 μg/mL) on SW480 cells was determined using MTS assay at 24, 48, and 72 h. The in vitro activity of GME (0-120 μg/mL) on SW480 cells was investigated using flow cytometry and western blotting analysis. The in vivo activity of GME was evaluated using xenograft tumour model of zebrafish and nude mice. The chemical composition of GME was detected by using HPLC-MS/MS.

Results: The IC50 value SW480 cells viability by GME were 126.50, 78.25, and 50.77 μg/mL, respectively, for 24, 48, and 72 h. The experiments showed that apoptotic cells and G2/M phase cells increased from 20.81 to 61.53% (p < 0.01) and 25.76 to 34.93% with 120 μg/mL GME, respectively. GME also down-regulated the protein expression of P-AKT, P-GSK-3β, P-PDK1, P-c-Raf, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2, and up-regulated the expression cleaved Caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and Bax. In vivo study found that GME can significantly inhibit the growth and migration of SW480 cells in xenograft zebrafish. GME reduced the nude mice tumour weight to approximately 32.19% at 28 mg/kg/day and to 53.17% (p < 0.01) at 56 mg/kg/day. Forty-two compounds were identified from the GME.

Discussion and conclusions: GME has a significant antitumor effect on colon Cancer cells SW480, and it has the potential to be developed as an Anticancer agent.

Keywords

AKT signalling pathway; Yao medicine; cell cycle; chemical composition; flow cytometry; synergistic anticancer activity; zebrafish.

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