2. Academic Validation
  3. Molecular Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer

Molecular Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer

  • Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 10;23(19):12041. doi: 10.3390/ijms231912041.
Ruiqian Zhang 1,  Michelle K Y Siu 1,  Hextan Y S Ngan 1,  Karen K L Chan 1
Affiliations

Affiliation

  • 1 Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
PMID: 36233339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912041
Abstract

Ovarian Cancer is the deadliest gynecological Cancer, leading to over 152,000 deaths each year. A late diagnosis is the primary factor causing a poor prognosis of ovarian Cancer and often occurs due to a lack of specific symptoms and effective biomarkers for an early detection. Currently, Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is the most widely used biomarker for ovarian Cancer detection, but this approach is limited by a low specificity. In recent years, multimarker panels have been developed by combining molecular biomarkers such as human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4), ultrasound results, or menopausal status to improve the diagnostic efficacy. The risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA), the risk of malignancy index (RMI), and OVA1 assays have also been clinically used with improved sensitivity and specificity. Ongoing investigations into novel biomarkers such as autoantibodies, ctDNAs, miRNAs, and DNA methylation signatures continue to aim to provide earlier detection methods for ovarian Cancer. This paper reviews recent advancements in molecular biomarkers for the early detection of ovarian Cancer.

Keywords

CA125; HE4; RMI; ROMA; molecular biomarkers; ovarian cancer.

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