2. Academic Validation
  3. The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP-1 macrophages

The potential immunotoxicity of emamectin benzoate on the human THP-1 macrophages

  • Environ Toxicol. 2022 Oct 21. doi: 10.1002/tox.23681.
Ziyi Wei 1,  Weiguo Wang 1,  Wen Fu 1,  Ping Zhang 1,  Hao Feng 1,  Wenping Xu 1,  Liming Tao 1,  Zhong Li 1 2,  Yang Zhang 1,  Xusheng Shao 1 2 3 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
  • 2 State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
  • 3 Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
  • 4 Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
PMID: 36269090 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23681
Abstract

Emamectin benzoate (EMB) as one of the typical biological pesticides has a wide range of applications in agriculture. However, the immune toxic effects of EMB in human received limited attention. In our study, THP-1 macrophage as an in vitro model was used to evaluate immune functions exposed to EMB. We observed that EMB inhibited phagocytic activity and respiratory burst capacity of macrophages without inducing cellular toxicity, implying the potential immunosuppression. Besides, EMB disturbed the cytokines balance embodied in the increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL27, CXCL8 mRNA expression and the decrease of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10 mRNA expression. EMB could exhibit pro-inflammatory responses in macrophages and promote the conversion of macrophages to M1 phenotype. Moreover, NF-κB pathway involved in regulating immune function from KEGG pathway analysis. EMB exposure could activate the NF-κB pathway in THP-1 macrophages by exploring the critical proteins. This research provided insights on immunotoxicity evaluation and clarified EMB-induced immunotoxicity was related to NF-κB pathway activation.

Keywords

NF-κB pathway; THP-1 macrophages; emamectin benzoate; immunotoxicity; pesticide.

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