1. Academic Validation
  2. Light-Driven Artificial Cell Micromotors for Degenerative Knee Osteoarthritis

Light-Driven Artificial Cell Micromotors for Degenerative Knee Osteoarthritis

  • Adv Mater. 2025 Mar 3:e2416349. doi: 10.1002/adma.202416349.
Chao Gao 1 Ye Feng 1 Suyi Liu 1 Bin Chen 1 Miaomiao Ding 1 Dailing Du 1 Wenjing Zhang 2 Daniela A Wilson 3 Yingfeng Tu 4 Fei Peng 1
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
  • 2 School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
  • 3 Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, AJ 6525, The Netherlands.
  • 4 NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Abstract

Combining artificial cellular compartmentalization and intelligent motion benefits of micro/nanomotors, light is used as energy input to construct an artificial cell-based micromotor capable of photosynthetic anabolism and intelligent directional movement. This system is assembled from Phospholipids functionalized with F-ATP synthase and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles (Vesical@MoS2-ATPase). The underlying mechanism involves the generation of protons (H+) through photo-hydrolysis of MoS2 nanoparticles within vesicles, which generates a local electroosmotic flow inside the vesicles and drives the negatively charged MoS2 toward light. The established proton gradient across the phospholipid membrane, in turn, drives the ATP Synthase to catalyze ATP production. Both in vitro and in vivo models demonstrate that the micromotor can elevate local intracellular ATP levels upon light and improve the metabolism of denatured chondrocytes. This cell mimicry, with capabilities of migration and biosynthesis, emerges as a promising platform for the next generation of functional bio-interface.

Keywords

artificial cells; cascade reaction; energy therapy; micromotors; transmembrane transport.

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