HCoV-OC43 Spike/S Protein (AVR40344, sf9, His)

Coronaviruses, enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses, generally cause mild to moderate upper-respiratory tract illness. OC43, like SARS-CoV-2, is in the genus Betacoronavirus but grouped in another subgenus called Embecovirus. The NS2 protein of HCoV-OC43 has cyclic phosphodiesterase activity, which may modulate cAMP-mediated signaling and important physiological processes such as lipid metabolism and apoptosis. HCoV-OC43 replicate principally in the upper respiratory tract epithelial cells, where they produce virus and cause local respiratory symptoms^[1][2]. HCoV-OC43 Spike/S Protein (AVR40344, sf9, His) is the recombinant Virus-derived HCoV-OC43 Spike/S protein, expressed by Sf9 insect cells , with C-His labeled tag.

Seven human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been so far identified, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV, a.k.a. SARS-CoV-2). The M protein (25-30 kDa) is the most abundant structural protein and possesses three transmembrane domains. The short N-terminal ectodomain of the M protein is modified by O-linked glycosylation in HCoV-OC43 and some animal coronaviruses including mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV). The HCoV-OC43 ns12.9 protein is a recently identified viroporin that facilitates virion morphogenesis and pathogenesis. Infection with HCoV-OC43 activates IRE1 and induces X-box protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA splicing, thereby upregulating downstream UPR effector genes. Introduction of two point mutations (H183R and Y241H) into the S protein of HCoV-OC43 induces a higher degree of XBP1 mRNA splicing and results in a more pronounced apoptotic cell death. Overexpression of structural or accessory proteins of HCoV-OC43 also leads to downregulation of over 30 genes related to innate immune response, including genes encoding MAP kinases, toll-like receptors, interferons, interleukins, and signal transduction proteins. Similar to the PLPro of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the PLP2 of HCoV-NL63 possesses deubiquitinating (DUB) activity^[1].

Virus

Sf9 insect cells

C-His

AVR40344 (M1-P1304)

/

Approximately 145.1 kDa.

Greater than 85% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.