MIP-5/CCL15 Protein, Human

MIP-5/CCL15 Protein, Human is a CC chemokine with strong chemotactic properties towards myeloid cells such as dendritic cells, monocytes, neutrophils and some T-lymphocytes. MIP-5/CCL15 Protein, Human binds to chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3 and plays a key role in leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory disease development. development. MIP-5/CCL15 Protein, Human is a recombinant human MIP-5/CCL15 (Q22-I113) expressed by E. coli^[1].

CCL15, also known as macrophage inhibitory protein 5 (MIP-5), leukocyte chemokine 1 (Lkn-1) and human CC chemokine 2 (HCC-2), is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family, a cluster of chemokines located on human chromosome 17 with a gene sequence similar to CC motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) and CC motif chemokine ligand 3 ( CCL3). CCL15 can be expressed in certain leukocytes and macrophages in the liver, small intestine, colon, and lung^[1]. CCL15 acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes and can bind to chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR3, of which CCR3 is the major receptor for human eosinophils and plays an important role in the migration of monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Meanwhile, CCL15 plays an effector molecule role in the regulation of hematopoietic cells and host defense. Recombinant human CCL15 is also the most abundant chemokine in follicular thyroid cancer (FTC). CCL15 has been reported to be elevated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with stage III nodular disease and in peripheral blood from patients with severe persistent asthma, contributing to the severity and persistence of the disease by targeting its receptors (especially CCR1) in an autocrine manner^[2][3].

CCL15 (0.1-1000 ng/mL) can mediate human eosinophilic leukemia EoL-1 cells migration and increase PKCσ activity in a time-dependent manner via the Ptx-sensitive Gi/Go protein and PLC. Besides, it enhances butyric acid-induced EoL-1 cell differentiation^[2].
CCL15 is the most abundant chemokine in follicular thyroid carcinoma(FTC). 51.4-fold more CCL15 mRNA is present in FTC than in follicular adenoma. Condition medium of FTC cell lines induced THP-1 cell chemotaxis by 33 ~ 77%, and anti-CCL15 neutralizing antibodies reduces THP-1 cell migration in a dose-dependent manner^[3].

1. The ED₅₀ is <2 μg/mL as measured by CHO cells transfected with human CCR1, corresponding to a specific activity of >500 units/mg.
2. Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED₅₀ this effect is 6.04 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 1.56×10⁵ U/mg.
3. Fuly biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human Tlymphocytes is in a concentration range of 1.0-10 ng/mL.

• 
  Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 6.04 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 1.56×10⁵ U/mg.

Human

E. coli

Tag Free

Q16663 (Q22-I113)

6359  [NCBI]

QFINDAETELMMSKLPLENPVVLNSFHFAADCCTSYISQSIPCSLMKSYFETSSECSKPGVIFLTKKGRQVCAKPSGPGVQDCMKKLKPYSI

Approximately 10.2 kDa

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS or 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Yasuo Shimizu, et al. CC-chemokine CCL15 expression and possible implications for the pathogenesis of IgE-related severe asthma. Mediators Inflamm. 2012;2012:475253.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Ji-Sook Lee, et al. Leukotactin-1/CCL15 induces cell migration and differentiation of human eosinophilic leukemia EoL-1 cells through PKCdelta activation. Mol Biol Rep. 2010 Jun;37(5):2149-56.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Feng-Jiao Huang, et al. Follicular thyroid carcinoma but not adenoma recruits tumor-associated macrophages by releasing CCL15. BMC Cancer. 2016 Feb 15;16:98.  [Content Brief]