Bathophenanthroline 

Bathophenanthroline is a nitrogen-containing organic ligand that can form stable complexes with transition metal ions such as Ru²⁺. In proteomics, Bathophenanthroline is often used for in-gel protein staining. The negatively charged sulfonic acid groups of Bathophenanthroline interact electrostatically with the positively charged amino acid residues of proteins, thereby achieving specific binding to proteins and enhancing the fluorescent signal of detection. Bathophenanthroline can be used for protein separation and detection in SDS-PAGE gels in the field of proteomics, as well as other fluorescence studies[1]. Ex/Em=532 nm/610 nm[1].

In SDS-PAGE gel staining experiments, heteroligand ruthenium(II) complexes containing bathophenanthroline (BP) and bathophenanthroline disulfonate (BPS) showed higher sensitivity than SYPRO Ruby for protein detection at near-neutral pH and reduced artificial post-translational modifications^[1].
PROTOCOL^[1]:
Gels were fixed in 7% acetic acid/10% ethanol, stained overnight with 0.5-1 mg/L Ru(BPS)2(BP) or Ru(BPS)(BP)2 in acidic/neutral buffer, destained, and scanned for fluorescence at 532 nm excitation/610 nm emission^[1].

332.40

C₂₄H₁₆N₂

1662-01-7

Solid

Off-white to light yellow

C12=C(N=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4)C3=CC=C1C(C5=CC=CC=C5)=CC=N2

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

RT, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

• [1]. Babak MV, et al. Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Bathophenanthroline and Bathophenanthroline Disulfonate Disodium Salt as Fluorescent Dyes for In-Gel Protein Staining. Inorg Chem. 2020 Apr 6;59(7):4527-4535.  [Content Brief]