2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-137004
    Indazole-Cl
    		Inhibitor
    Indazole-Cl (Ind-Cl) is an Estrogen receptor (ER)-β-specific agonist with inflammatory effect. Indazole-Cl inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 exression reduction induced by hypoxia. And Indazole-Cl inhibits ROS production. Indazole-Cl also inhibits cell migration and invasion by hypoxia increased by hypoxia. Indazole-Cl is potent inhibitor of hypoxia-induced inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).
    Indazole-Cl
  • HY-N0232R
    Psoralidin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Psoralidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Psoralidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Psoralidin is a dual inhibitor of COX-2 and 5-LOX, regulates ionizing radiation (IR)-induced pulmonary inflammation.Anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Psoralidin significantly downregulates NOTCH1 signaling. Psoralidin also greatly induces ROS generation.
    Psoralidin (Standard)
  • HY-145988
    COX-2-IN-11
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-11 (compound 7b2) is a potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2. COX-2-IN-11 has the potential for the research of inflammation diseases.
    COX-2-IN-11
  • HY-B0808A
    Oxaprozin potassium
    		Inhibitor
    Oxaprozin potassium is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor, with IC50 values of 2.2 μM for human platelet COX-1 and and 36 μM for IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2, respectively. Oxaprozin potassium also inhibits the activation of NF-κB. Oxaprozin potassium induces cell apoptosis. Oxaprozin potassium shows anti-inflammatory activity. Oxaprozin potassium-mediated inhibition of the Akt/IKK/NF-κB pathway contributes to its anti-inflammatory properties.
    Oxaprozin potassium
  • HY-155161
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-4 (compound 5i) is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/15-LOX with IC50s of 0.075 μM and 1.97 μM, respectively. COX-2/15-LOX-IN-4 can inhibit LPS-induced cell production of promoting cytokines (IL-6, ROS) with specific anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-4
  • HY-161294
    COX-2-IN-41
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-41 (compound 5e) is a selective inhibitor of COX-2 (IC50=1.74 μM). Compared with COX-1, the selectivity IC50 (COX-1)/IC50(COX-2) =16.32.
    COX-2-IN-41
  • HY-N2599
    Taraxerol acetate
    		Inhibitor
    Taraxerol acetate is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 116.3 μM and 94.7 μM, respectively. Taraxerol acetate the has the anticancer potential and induces cell apoptosis.
    Taraxerol acetate
  • HY-163355
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-5 (Compound 4f) is a dual inhibitor of COX-2/15-LOX. COX-2/15-LOX-IN-5 attenuates increased NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages mediated by lipopolysaccharide (HY-D1056). COX-2/15-LOX-IN-5 has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
    COX-2/15-LOX-IN-5
  • HY-15037S2
    Diclofenac-13C6 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Diclofenac-13C6 (Sodium) is the 13C6 labeled Diclofenac (Sodium). Diclofenac Sodium (GP 45840) is a potent and nonselective anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 and 1.3 nM for human COX-1 and COX-2 in CHO cells, and 5.1 and 0.84 μM for ovine COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Diclofenac Sodium induces apoptosis of neural stem cells (NSCs) via the activation of the caspase cascade.
    Diclofenac-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub> sodium
  • HY-115934
    COX-2-IN-7
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-7 (compound 4a) is a potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 of 6.585 uM. COX-2-IN-7 has higher COX-2 selectivity than Celecoxib. COX-2-IN-7 shows good in vivo anti-inflammatory and low ulcerogenic activity.
    COX-2-IN-7
  • HY-147719
    COX-2-IN-16
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-16 (compound 2b) is a potent, selective and orally active COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 102 µM. COX-2-IN-16 inhibits the NO production. COX-2-IN-16 shows anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2-IN-16
  • HY-163116
    Anti-inflammatory agent 67
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-inflammatory agent 67 (compound 7a) is a dual inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase and COX-2, a sulfonamide derivative of Polmacoxib (HY-16726), and has anti-inflammatory properties and analgesic activity. Anti-inflammatory agent 67 has IC50s of 10.4 μM and 50 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. The Ki of anti-inflammatory agent 67 binding to different isoforms of carbonic anhydrase are 48.3 nM (CA I), 42.2 nM (CA II), 52.3 nM (CA IX), and 13.3 nM (CA XII).
    Anti-inflammatory agent 67
  • HY-B1130R
    Isoxicam (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Isoxicam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isoxicam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isoxicam is an orally active, long-acting, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent for the research of arthritis. Isoxicam is a nonselective inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2.
    Isoxicam (Standard)
  • HY-147692
    COX-2-IN-14
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-14 (compound 2a) is a potent and selective COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) inhibitor. COX-2-IN-14 shows effective binding at the active site of COX-2 co-crystal. COX-2-IN-14 exhibits a high level of in vivo anti-inflammatory activity, reducing ear edema and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in mice.
    COX-2-IN-14
  • HY-B0227S1
    Ketoprofen-d4
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Ketoprofen-d4 is the deuterium labeled Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting as a potent inhibitor of COX, with IC50s of 2 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2 in human blood monocytes, respectively[1].
    Ketoprofen-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-115498
    ARN14494
    		Inhibitor
    ARN14494 is a potent and selective serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 27.3 nM. ARN14494 affects the CNS in terms of anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. ARN14494 protects neurons from β-amyloid 1-42-induced neurotoxicity through a variety of mechanisms, including anti-oxidation, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammation. ARN14494 can be used for Alzheimer’s disease research.
    ARN14494
  • HY-W009248
    Phenethyl ferulate
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Phenethyl ferulate is a major constituent ofQianghuo, shows inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) with IC50 values of 4.35 μM and 5.75 μM, respectively.
    Phenethyl ferulate
  • HY-N0346AR
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Standard) is the analytical standard of (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate is a natural product found in Kaempferia galangal with anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic and anti-microbial effects. (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 in vitro with IC50s of 1.12 and 0.83 μM, respectively.
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Standard)
  • HY-N0389R
    Columbin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Columbin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Columbin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Columbin is an orally active diterpenoid furanolactone from Calumbae radix, has anti-inflammatory and anti-trypanosomal effects. Columbin selectively inhibits COX-2 (EC50=53.1 μM) over COX-1 (EC50=327 μM).
    Columbin (Standard)
  • HY-W015007S
    Metyrosine-13C9,15N,d7
    		Inhibitor
    Metyrosine-13C9,15N,d7 is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15-labeled Metyrosine. Metyrosine is a selective tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme inhibitor. Metyrosine exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerative effects. Metyrosine significantly inhibits high COX-2 activity[1]. Metyrosine is a very effective agent for blood pressure control[2].
    Metyrosine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>9</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N,d<sub>7</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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