2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0230S1
    Phenylbutazone-d9
    		Inhibitor
    Phenylbutazone-d9 is the deuterium labeled Phenylbutazone. Phenylbutazone is an efficient reducing cofactor for the peroxidase activity of prostaglandin H synthase (PHS). Phenylbutazone, a hepatotoxin, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID). Phenylbutazone induces muscle blind-like protein 1 (MBNL1) expression and has the potential for ankylosing spondylitis research.
    Phenylbutazone-d<sub>9</sub>
  • HY-15762S
    Valdecoxib-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Valdecoxib-d3 is the deuterium labeled Valdecoxib. Valdecoxib is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2, with IC50s of 5 nM and 140 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respeceively. Valdecoxib can be used in the research of arthritis and pain.
    Valdecoxib-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B0559S
    Nabumetone-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Nabumetone-d3 is the deuterium labeled Nabumetone. Nabumetone is an orally active non-acidic anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor, and is the proagent of the active metabolite 6MNA.
    Nabumetone-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-118139S
    Celecoxib-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Celecoxib-d4 is the deuterium labeled Desmethyl Celecoxib. Desmethyl Celecoxib (compound 3b) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor (IC50=32 nM) with anti-inflammatory activities. Desmethyl Celecoxib is an?analog?of Celecoxib and with the optimal yield of 75%.
    Celecoxib-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-15029S1
    (±)-Naproxen-d3-1
    (±)-Naproxen-d3-1 is the deuterium labeled (±)-Naproxen.
    (±)-Naproxen-d<sub>3</sub>-1
  • HY-155768
    COX-1/2-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    COX-1/2-IN-5 (compound 2a) is a dual inhibitor of COX1/2 (IC50=2.650 μM, 0.958 μM), with anticancer activity. COX-1/2-IN-5 inhibits liver cancer HepG2 with an IC50 of 60.75 μM.
    COX-1/2-IN-5
  • HY-150553
    COX-2-IN-28
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-28 is a potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.054, 2.14, 13.21 µM for COX-2, 15-LOX, COX-1,respectively.
    COX-2-IN-28
  • HY-18342R
    Diflunisal (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Diflunisal (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diflunisal. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diflunisal (MK-647) is a salicylate derivative with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and uricosuric properties, which is used alone as an analgesic and in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The mechanism of action of diflunisal is as a Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitor.
    Diflunisal (Standard)
  • HY-20808
    Antioxidant agent-15
    		Inhibitor 98.97%
    Antioxidant agent-15 (Compound 4) is a potent antioxidant inhibition activity, with the IC50 of 15.44 nM. Antioxidant agent-15 inhibits tumor cell growth in Hela, Hep G2 and Caco-2 cells, with the IC50 of 395.26, 400.4 and 24.6 nM, respectively.
    Antioxidant agent-15
  • HY-14654B
    Aspirin DL-lysine
    		Inhibitor
    Aspirin DL-lysine (ASA DL-lysine) is a lysine-containing aspirin derivative. Aspirin DL-lysine inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) in platelets, blocks the synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), and thus inhibits platelet aggregation and activation. Aspirin DL-lysine can be used to study thrombin generation in patients with unstable angina pectoris.
    Aspirin DL-lysine
  • HY-B1489R
    Tolmetin sodium dihydrate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Tolmetin (sodium dihydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tolmetin (sodium dihydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tolmetin sodium dihydrate is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 μM and 0.82 μM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin sodium dihydrate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Tolmetin sodium dihydrate (Standard)
  • HY-B1799A
    Tolmetin sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Tolmetin sodium is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 μM and 0.82 μM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Tolmetin sodium
  • HY-169215
    Anti-inflammatory agent 93
    Anti-inflammatory agent 93 (compund 2g) is an imidazole derivative of Schiff base with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Anti-inflammatory agent 93 targets COX-2 receptor and produces 89% analgesic efficacy in mice at 100 mg/kg.
    Anti-inflammatory agent 93
  • HY-N0929R
    Hexahydrocurcumin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Hexahydrocurcumin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hexahydrocurcumin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hexahydrocurcumin is one of the major metabolites of curcumin and a selective, orally active COX-2 inhibitor. Hexahydrocurcumin is inactive against COX-1. Hexahydrocurcumin has antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Hexahydrocurcumin (Standard)
  • HY-N0256R
    Hederagenin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Hederagenin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hederagenin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hederagenin is a triterpenoid saponin with orally active and antitumor activity. Hederagenin can inhibit the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB in cells induced by LPS stimulation. Hederagenin also increases ROS production in cancer cells, disrupts mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces apoptosis. Hederagenin also sensitizes cancer cells to Cisplatin (HY-17394) and Paclitaxel (HY-B0015), enhancing induced apoptosis. Hederagenin also has preventive potential against alcoholic liver injury.
    Hederagenin (Standard)
  • HY-17479B
    Amfenac sodium
    Amfenac sodium (AHR 5850 sodium) is an orally active and potent anti-inflammatory compound possessing antipyretic and analgesic properties. Amfenac sodium can be used for the research of acute and chronic inflammation.
    Amfenac sodium
  • HY-B0227AR
    Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ketoprofen (lysinate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) lysinate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ketoprofen lysinate can inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase with IC50 values of 2 nM (COX-1) and 26 nM (COX-2). which is potential in the research of inflammation, immunology, and metabolic disease such as obesity.
    Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard)
  • HY-N0831R
    Jaceosidin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Jaceosidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Jaceosidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Jaceosidin is a flavonoid isolated from Artemisia vestita, induces apoptosis in cancer cells, activates Bax and down-regulates Mcl-1 and c-FLIP expression. Jaceosidin exhibits anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, decreases leves of inflammatory markers, and suppresses COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation.
    Jaceosidin (Standard)
  • HY-N2266
    Benzoylgomisin O
    		Inhibitor
    Benzoylgomisin O isolated from Schisandra rubriflora, has inhibitory activity against 15-LOX, COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and anti-inflammatory activity.
    Benzoylgomisin O
  • HY-162523
    hMAO-B-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    hMAO-B-IN-8 (Compound 23) is a hMAO-B, eeAChE, COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.037 μM, 0.071 μM, 14.3 μM and 0.59 μM, respectively. hMAO-B-IN-8 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.
    hMAO-B-IN-8
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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