2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-18342R
    Diflunisal (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Diflunisal (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diflunisal. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diflunisal (MK-647) is a salicylate derivative with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and uricosuric properties, which is used alone as an analgesic and in rheumatoid arthritis patients. The mechanism of action of diflunisal is as a Cyclooxygenase (COX) Inhibitor.
    Diflunisal (Standard)
  • HY-20808
    Antioxidant agent-15
    		Inhibitor 98.97%
    Antioxidant agent-15 (Compound 4) is a potent antioxidant inhibition activity, with the IC50 of 15.44 nM. Antioxidant agent-15 inhibits tumor cell growth in Hela, Hep G2 and Caco-2 cells, with the IC50 of 395.26, 400.4 and 24.6 nM, respectively.
    Antioxidant agent-15
  • HY-14654B
    Aspirin DL-lysine
    		Inhibitor
    Aspirin DL-lysine (ASA DL-lysine) is a lysine-containing aspirin derivative. Aspirin DL-lysine inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) in platelets, blocks the synthesis of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), and thus inhibits platelet aggregation and activation. Aspirin DL-lysine can be used to study thrombin generation in patients with unstable angina pectoris.
    Aspirin DL-lysine
  • HY-N15657
    Geiparvarin
    		Inhibitor
    Geiparvarin is an anticancer agent and an inhibitor of MAO-B (pIC50 = 6.84 μM). Geiparvarin exerts anti-tumor effects by downregulating COX2 expression and inhibiting angiogenesis. Geiparvarin blocks the cell cycle at the G1 phase and induces apoptosis of cancer cells. Geiparvarin has anti-microtubule activity and destroys the cytoskeleton to exert anti-proliferative effects. Geiparvarin has research significance for lung cancer, leukemia, and breast cancer.
    Geiparvarin
  • HY-B1489R
    Tolmetin sodium dihydrate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Tolmetin (sodium dihydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tolmetin (sodium dihydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tolmetin sodium dihydrate is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 μM and 0.82 μM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin sodium dihydrate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Tolmetin sodium dihydrate (Standard)
  • HY-B1799A
    Tolmetin sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Tolmetin sodium is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 μM and 0.82 μM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Tolmetin sodium
  • HY-169215
    Anti-inflammatory agent 93
    Anti-inflammatory agent 93 (compund 2g) is an imidazole derivative of Schiff base with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Anti-inflammatory agent 93 targets COX-2 receptor and produces 89% analgesic efficacy in mice at 100 mg/kg.
    Anti-inflammatory agent 93
  • HY-17479B
    Amfenac sodium
    Amfenac sodium (AHR 5850 sodium) is an orally active and potent anti-inflammatory compound possessing antipyretic and analgesic properties. Amfenac sodium can be used for the research of acute and chronic inflammation.
    Amfenac sodium
  • HY-108019
    SD 8381
    		Inhibitor
    SD 8381 is a potent and selective COX-2 inhibitor. SD 8381 shows IC50 values of 0.0098 μM for hCOX-2 and 0.69 μM for hCOX-1.
    SD 8381
  • HY-B0227AR
    Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ketoprofen (lysinate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) lysinate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ketoprofen lysinate can inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase with IC50 values of 2 nM (COX-1) and 26 nM (COX-2). which is potential in the research of inflammation, immunology, and metabolic disease such as obesity.
    Ketoprofen (lysinate) (Standard)
  • HY-177319
    COX-2-IN-56
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-56 (example 6) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor without significantly inhibiting COX-1. COX-2-IN-56 can be used for the study of COX-2 dependent disorders, such as inflammation.
    COX-2-IN-56
  • HY-174260
    Neuroprotective agent 11
    Neuroprotective agent 11 (Compound 1a) is an orally active polyphenol compound with significant protective effects against cerebral ischemia. The main activities of Neuroprotective agent 11 include inhibiting neuronal inflammation and apoptosis, reducing cerebral infarction volume, and improving behavioral symptoms of cerebral ischemic mice. Neuroprotective agent 11 exerts its regulatory mechanism by downregulating the expression of inflammatory factors (iNOS、COX-2) and apoptotic proteins (cleaved-Caspase3, p53). Neuroprotective agent 11 can be used in the study of cerebral ischemia-related diseases (such as ischemic stroke).
    Neuroprotective agent 11
  • HY-N0831R
    Jaceosidin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Jaceosidin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Jaceosidin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Jaceosidin is a flavonoid isolated from Artemisia vestita, induces apoptosis in cancer cells, activates Bax and down-regulates Mcl-1 and c-FLIP expression. Jaceosidin exhibits anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, decreases leves of inflammatory markers, and suppresses COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation.
    Jaceosidin (Standard)
  • HY-N2266
    Benzoylgomisin O
    		Inhibitor
    Benzoylgomisin O isolated from Schisandra rubriflora, has inhibitory activity against 15-LOX, COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and anti-inflammatory activity.
    Benzoylgomisin O
  • HY-162523
    hMAO-B-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    hMAO-B-IN-8 (Compound 23) is a hMAO-B, eeAChE, COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.037 μM, 0.071 μM, 14.3 μM and 0.59 μM, respectively. hMAO-B-IN-8 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.
    hMAO-B-IN-8
  • HY-107796
    Metamizole magnesium
    		Inhibitor
    Metamizole magnesium is an orally active cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Metamizole magnesium can inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis. Metamizole magnesium has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Metamizole magnesium is an antipyretic, analgesic and spasmolytic agent.
    Metamizole magnesium
  • HY-119447S
    Mavacoxib-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Mavacoxib-d4 is the deuterium labeled Mavacoxib. Mavacoxib is a selective, oral long-acting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor and a long-acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Mavacoxib is used to treat pain and inflammation associated with degenerative joint disease in dogs.
    Mavacoxib-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-131384
    8,11,14-Eicosatriynoic acid
    		Inhibitor
    8,11,14-Eicosatriynoic Acid, as an inhibitor of prostaglandin, leukotriene biosynthesis, and arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation, blocks human 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO), cyclooxygenase (COX)and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) with IC50 values of 0.46 μM, 14 μMand 25 μM, respectively. In addition, 8,11,14-Eicosatriynoic Acid inhibits the action of slow-reacting substances of allergic reactions, with IC50 value of 10 μM. Lipoxygenase is widely found in fungi, plants and animals. 12-LO involves in many important disease states and may play a role in oxidative glutamate toxicity. COX enzymes play complex roles in human physiology and pathology involving the neuronal, immune, renal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. COX enzymes are blocked by aspirin and a variety of other NSAIDs, which makes them clinically important. 5-LO involves in cancer pathology. It is expressed by a variety of cancer cells, including colon, lung, breast, and prostate cancers, and promotes cancer cell growth and neovascularization. 8,11,14-Eicosatriynoic acid is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    8,11,14-Eicosatriynoic acid
  • HY-B0227R
    Ketoprofen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Ketoprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ketoprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ketoprofen (RP-19583) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Ketoprofen can inhibits the activity of cyclooxygenase with IC50 values of 2 nM (COX-1) and 26 nM (COX-2). which is potential in the research of inflammation, immunology, and metabolic disease such as obesity.
    Ketoprofen (Standard)
  • HY-B0261S1
    Meloxicam-d3-1
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    Meloxicam-d3-1 is the deuterium labeled Meloxicam. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 µM and 36.6 µM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    Meloxicam-d<sub>3</sub>-1
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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