A2M - alpha-2-macroglobulin Gene

Homo sapiens

Also known as A2MD; CPAMD5; FWP007; S863-7

Gene ID: 2 | Gene type: protein coding

About A2M

Cytogenetic location: 12p13.31 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 12:9,067,708-9,116,229 (from NCBI)

This gene has 13 transcripts (splice variants), 228 orthologues and 8 paralogues. Broad expression in lung (RPKM 732.0), urinary bladder (RPKM 374.7) and 21 other tissues.

Summary

The protein encoded by this gene is a protease inhibitor and cytokine transporter. It uses a bait-and-trap mechanism to inhibit a broad spectrum of proteases, including trypsin, Thrombin and collagenase. It can also inhibit inflammatory cytokines, and it thus disrupts inflammatory cascades. Mutations in this gene are a cause of alpha-2-macroglobulin deficiency. This gene is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of beta-amyloid deposits. A related pseudogene, which is also located on the p arm of chromosome 12, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2016]

A2M Products(4)

mRNA	Protein	Name
NM_000014.6	NP_000005.3	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform a precursor
NM_001347423.2	NP_001334352.2	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform a precursor
NM_001347424.2	NP_001334353.2	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform b
NM_001347425.2	NP_001334354.2	alpha-2-macroglobulin isoform c

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Biological Process

Molecular Function GO Annotation	Evidence	Reference	Source
enables calcium-dependent protein binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	15226301	GOA
enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	7679575	GOA
enables enzyme binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	11435418	GOA
enables growth factor binding	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	9398211	GOA
enables interleukin-1 binding	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	9714181	GOA
enables interleukin-8 binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	10880251	GOA
enables protease binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	7679575	GOA
enables protein binding	IPI IPI: Inferred from physical interaction	6698368	GOA
enables serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	12538697	GOA
enables signaling receptor binding	IMP IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype	15226301	GOA
enables tumor necrosis factor binding	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	9714181	GOA

Biological Process GO Annotation	Evidence	Reference	Source
involved in negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway	IDA IDA: Inferred from direct assay	12538697	GOA

EXP: Inferred from Experiment IDA: Inferred from direct assay IPI: Inferred from physical interaction IMP: Inferred from mutant phenotype IGI: Inferred from genetic interaction IEP: Inferred from expression pattern

A2M Protein Structure

A2M_N

A2M_N_2

A2M

Thiol-ester_cl

A2M_comp

A2M_recep

0
300
600
900
1200
1474 a.a.

Protein Preferred Names

Protein Names

alpha-2-macroglobulin

C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 5

A2M Protein-protein interaction Information

Type Cross Intra	Protein Name	Protein ID	Interactor	Interactor Species	Interactor ID	Detection Method	Reference
Intra	A2M	P01023	KAT5	Homo sapiens	Q92993-2	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	KAT5	Homo sapiens	Q92993-2	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	KAT5	Homo sapiens	Q92993-2	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	VPS33A	Homo sapiens	Q96AX1	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	VPS33A	Homo sapiens	Q96AX1	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	VPS33A	Homo sapiens	Q96AX1	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	SMN1	Homo sapiens	Q16637-3	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	SMN1	Homo sapiens	Q16637-3	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	SMN1	Homo sapiens	Q16637-3	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	CTNNB1	Homo sapiens	P35222	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	CTNNB1	Homo sapiens	P35222	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	CTNNB1	Homo sapiens	P35222	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	TXN	Homo sapiens	P10599	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	TXN	Homo sapiens	P10599	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	TXN	Homo sapiens	P10599	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	PIAS1	Homo sapiens	O75925	Validated Y2H	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	PIAS1	Homo sapiens	O75925	Y2H Array	32814053
Intra	A2M	P01023	PIAS1	Homo sapiens	O75925	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Cross	A2M	P01023	Ppif	Mus musculus	Q99KR7	Y2H Pooling	32814053
Cross	A2M	P01023	Ppif	Mus musculus	Q99KR7	Validated Y2H	32814053
Cross	A2M	P01023	Ppif	Mus musculus	Q99KR7	Y2H Array	32814053

Cross: Cross-species interaction Intra: Intraspecies interaction

Recombinant A2M Proteins

Cat. No.	Product Name	Accession	Purity
HY-P72823	Alpha-2-macroglobulin Protein, Human (sf9, His)	NP_000005.2 (S24-A1474)	≥95%

Related Diseases

Diseases

Alias

Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Deficiency

A2MD

Mastitis

Breast Inflammation	Inflammatory Breast Disease
Inflammatory Disease Of Breast	Inflammation Of Non-Human Mammary Gland
Inflammatory Disorder Of Breast	Mastitis Nos
Acute Mastitis Nos	Acute Nonpuerperal Mastitis
Nonpuerperal Mastitis Nos	Subacute Mastitis Nos

Subendocardial Myocardial Infarction

Nephrotic Syndrome

Finnish Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome	Ns - [Nephrotic Syndrome]
Nephrosis Syndrome	Nephrosis Nos
Glomerular Lesion Nephrosis

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Cst3-Related

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy	Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis
Hchwa	Hereditary Cystatin C Amyloid Angiopathy
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Familial	Amyloidosis, Cerebroarterial, Icelandic Type
Amyloidosis Vi	Cerebral Hemorrhage, Hereditary, With Amyloidosis
Cst3-Related Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy	Cerebral Hemorrhage, Hereditary, With Amyloidosis, Icelandic Variant
Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis, Icelandic Variant	Caa, Familial
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Genetic	Acys Amyloidosis
Cst3-Related Amyloidosis	Cystatin Amyloidosis
Hchwa, Icelandic Type	Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis, Icelandic Type
Amyloidosis 6	AMYL6
Acys	Caa
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Cst3-Related	Cerebroarterial Amyloidosis Icelandic Type
Cystatin C Amyloidosis	Hccaa
Hchwai	Hchwa-I
Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage With Amyloidosis Icelandic Type	Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Familial
Angiopathy, Amyloid, Cerebral, Cst3-Related	Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Icelandic Type
Familial Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy	Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Hereditary

Breast Intraductal Papillomatosis

Breast Papillomatosis

Intraductal Papillomatosis Of The Breast

Disseminated Chorioretinitis

Alzheimer Disease, Familial, 1

Alzheimer Disease	Alzheimer'S Disease
Presenile And Senile Dementia	AD1
Alzheimer Disease, Susceptibility To	Alzheimer Disease, Late-Onset, Susceptibility To
Alzheimer Disease 1, Familial	AD
Familial Alzheimer Disease	Alzheimer Disease, Late-Onset
Alzheimers Dementia	Alzheimer Dementia
Alzheimer Sclerosis	Alzheimer Syndrome
Alzheimer-Type Dementia	Dat
Primary Senile Degenerative Dementia	Sdat
Alzheimer Disease 1	Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer Disease
Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy	Late Onset Alzheimer Disease
Alzheimers Disease	Alzheimer Disease, Early-Onset, With Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Late-Onset Alzheimers Disease	Alzheimer'S Disease Pathway Kegg
Dementia Due To Alzheimer'S Disease	Alzheimer Disease Type 1
Alzheimers

Cystic Fibrosis

Mucoviscidosis	CF
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Susceptibility To Chronic Infection By, In Cystic Fibrosis	Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Chronic Infection By, In Cystic Fibrosis
Cystic Fibrosis Lung Disease, Modifier Of	Cystic Fibrosis Of Pancreas
Fibrocystic Disease Of Pancreas	Cf - [Cystic Fibrosis]
Cystic Fibrosis Nos	Fibrocystic Disease
Fibrocystic Disease Of The Pancreas	Mucoviscidosis Of Pancreas
Nonproliferative Fibrocystic Disease	Pancreatic Cystic Fibrosis

Deficiency Anemia

Anemia	Deficiency Anemias
Anaemia

Diseases	Alias
Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia	Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Waldenstroem'S Macroglobulinemia Macroglobulinemia Of Waldenstrom Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma With Igm Gammopathy Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma

Related Agents

Pre-clinical Phase

Bioactive Molecules (1)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Rare Diseases
HY-RS00010	A2M Human Pre-designed siRNA Set A	Pre-designed Sets	/	Unkown

Orthologs Information

Species	Symbol	Source	ID
Rattus norvegicus	A2M	RGD	RGD:2004
Felis catus	A2M	VGNC	VGNC:97332
Mus musculus	A2M	MGD	MGI:2449119
Bos taurus	A2M	VGNC	VGNC:55837
Others	A2M	NCBI

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