2. Academic Validation
  3. Siphonaxanthin, a green algal carotenoid, as a novel functional compound

Siphonaxanthin, a green algal carotenoid, as a novel functional compound

  • Mar Drugs. 2014 Jun 19;12(6):3660-8. doi: 10.3390/md12063660.
Tatsuya Sugawara 1,  Ponesakki Ganesan 2,  Zhuosi Li 3,  Yuki Manabe 4,  Takashi Hirata 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. sugawara@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
  • 2 Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. ganesan381980@yahoo.com.
  • 3 Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. lizhuosi@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
  • 4 Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. yuukim@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
  • 5 Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. hiratan@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
PMID: 24950294 DOI: 10.3390/md12063660
Abstract

Siphonaxanthin is a specific keto-carotenoid in green algae whose bio-functional properties are yet to be identified. This review focuses on siphonaxanthin as a bioactive compound and outlines the evidence associated with functionality. Siphonaxanthin has been reported to potently inhibit the viability of human leukemia HL-60 cells via induction of Apoptosis. In comparison with fucoxanthin, siphonaxanthin markedly reduced cell viability as early as 6 h after treatment. The cellular uptake of siphonaxanthin was 2-fold higher than fucoxanthin. It has been proposed that siphonaxanthin possesses significant anti-angiogenic activity in studies using human umbilical vein endothelial cells and rat aortic ring. The results of these studies suggested that the anti-angiogenic effect of siphonaxanthin is due to the down-regulation of signal transduction by Fibroblast Growth Factor receptor-1 in vascular endothelial cells. Siphonaxanthin also exhibited inhibitory effects on antigen-induced degranulation of mast cells. These findings open up new avenues for future research on siphonaxanthin as a bioactive compound, and additional investigation, especially in vivo studies, are required to validate these findings. In addition, further studies are needed to determine its bioavailability and metabolic fate.

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