IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 Protein, Human (His)

IL-36 gamma (IL-1F9), a subform of IL-36 family, belongs to IL-1 superfamily. IL-36 gamma mediates inflammatory response. L-36 beta binds to IL-36R and recruits the co-receptor IL-1RacP, and thereby activating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, but the activation requires N-terminal cleavage by neutrophil granule-derived proteases^[1][2].IL-36 gamma/IL-1F9 Protein, Human (His) is a recombinant human IL-36 gamma with His tag, which is produced in E. coli.

IL-36 gamma (IL-1F9), a subform of IL-36 family, belongs to IL-1 superfamily. IL-36 gamma is expressed in peripheral blood lymphocytes, keratinocytes, bronchial epithelial cells and THP-1 cells^[3].
The sequence of amino acids in IL-36 gamma differs in different species. Human IL-36 gamma shares <55% aa sequence identity with mouse.
IL-36 gamma has β-trefoil structure. L-36 gamma binds to IL-36R and recruits the co-receptor IL-1RAcP. So that heterodimeric signaling complex brings Toll/IL-1R (TIR) domains of the 2 receptor chains in close proximity, and thereby activating NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways^[1]. But the activation requires N-terminal cleavage at Val15¹⁸ by neutrophil granule-derived proteases, such as cathepsin G, elastase and proteinase-3^[1][2]. IL-36 gamma is associated with chronic inflammation and cancers. IL-36 gamma is up-regulated in skin psoriatic lesions, inaganglionic and ganglionic areas of the colon in patients with Hirschsprung's disease, and inflamed mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)^[1][4].
IL-36 gamma is a pro-inflammatory factor. IL-36 gamma mediates inflammatory response through the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway^[2].

IL-36 gamma (human, 5 ng/mL for 4 h or 1 ng/mL for 24 h) promots the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antibacterial peptides in NHOKs (oral keratinocytes)^[5].
IL-36 gamma (human, .1 ng/mL, 3 days) promotes colony formation, migration and invasion of AGS cells^[6].

Human

E. coli

N-His

Q9NZH8-1 (S18-D169)

56300  [NCBI]

Approximately 19 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

• [1]. Bassoy EY, et al. Regulation and function of interleukin-36 cytokines. Immunol Rev. 2018 Jan;281(1):169-178.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Zhou L,et al. Interleukin-36: Structure, Signaling and Function. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;21:191-210.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Gresnigt MS, et al. Biology of IL-36 cytokines and their role in disease. Semin Immunol. 2013 Dec 15;25(6):458-65.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Neurath MF. IL-36 in chronic inflammation and cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2020 Oct;55:70-79.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Xu P, et al. The mechanism on Prevotella melaninogenica promoting the inflammatory progression of oral lichen planus. Clin Exp Immunol. 2022 Aug 19;209(2):215-224.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Le N, Luk I, et al. IL-36G promotes cancer-cell intrinsic hallmarks in human gastric cancer cells. Cytokine. 2022 Jul;155:155887.  [Content Brief]