2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Endogenous Metabolite
  4. Xanthosine

Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine activates the AMPK/FoxO1/AKT/GSK3β signaling cascade. Xanthosine promotes cell proliferation and regulates blood glucose metabolism. Xanthosine increases milk production in cows and goats. Xanthosine is used in mammary stem cell and type 2 diabetes research.

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Xanthosine Chemical Structure

Xanthosine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 146-80-5

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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Xanthosine:

Xanthosine Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

2 Publications Citing Use of MCE Xanthosine

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Xanthosine is a nucleoside derived from xanthine and ribose. Xanthosine activates the AMPK/FoxO1/AKT/GSK3β signaling cascade. Xanthosine promotes cell proliferation and regulates blood glucose metabolism. Xanthosine increases milk production in cows and goats. Xanthosine is used in mammary stem cell and type 2 diabetes research[1][2][3][4][5][6].

IC50 & Target

Microbial Metabolite

 

Human Endogenous Metabolite

 

In Vitro

Xanthosine (200 μM) increases the population of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MEC) during the exponential phase of cell growth, reduces the doubling time, promotes symmetric cell division[1].
Xanthosine (1.75-17.6 μM; 2 h) enhances glucose uptake, decreases glucose production, increases glycogen content, and activates AKT phosphorylation in FFA-induced CC1 hepatocytes[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Xanthosine Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: CC1 hepatocytes treated with FFA
Concentration: 1.75 μM, 3.52 μM, 7.04 μM, 10.56 μM, 14.07 μM, 17.6 μM
Incubation Time: 2 h pretreatment
Result: Upregulated AMPK phosphorylation and downregulated PEPCK and G6Pase protein expression.
Dose-dependently upregulated FoxO1 phosphorylation at Ser256.
Increased AKT phosphorylation, GSK-3β phosphorylation at Ser9, and GS phosphorylation.
In Vivo

Xanthosine (9.6 mg Xanthosine dehydrate dissolved in 300 μL PBS; i.p.; 14 consecutive days) has a latent negative effect on bovine mammary cell proliferation in immunodeficient mice with bovine mammary implants[2].
Xanthosine (up to 5 mg/kg) has no effect on the cat blood pressure[4].
Xanthosine (1.5-2 mL; 10 mM; intraductal infusion and parenchymal injection; 5 consecutive days) significantly increases the number of label-retaining epithelial cells (LREC) and telomerase activity in the mammary glands of female Holstein calves, indicating an expansion of the mammary stem cell population[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: NOD-SCID mice (female, 3-week-old) with bovine mammary implants[2]
Dosage: 9.6 mg xanthosine dehydrate dissolved in 300 µL PBS pH 10
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), 14 consecutive days
Result: Did not affect the relative number of label-retaining epithelial cells (LRECs) in bovine mammary implants.
Showed no significant long-term or latent effect on the relative proportion of different cell populations in the bovine mammary implants, including stem cells.
Reduced the levels of PCNA-positive and BrdU-positive cells by 60% and 30%, respectively, after 11 weeks.
Molecular Weight

284.23

Formula

C10H12N4O6
CAS No.
Unlabeled CAS
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C(NC(NC3=O)=O)=C3N=C2)O1
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (117.27 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.5183 mL 17.5915 mL 35.1830 mL
5 mM 0.7037 mL 3.5183 mL 7.0366 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

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(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.96%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (253 KB) RP-HPLC (206 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.5183 mL 17.5915 mL 35.1830 mL 87.9576 mL
5 mM 0.7037 mL 3.5183 mL 7.0366 mL 17.5915 mL
10 mM 0.3518 mL 1.7592 mL 3.5183 mL 8.7958 mL
15 mM 0.2346 mL 1.1728 mL 2.3455 mL 5.8638 mL
20 mM 0.1759 mL 0.8796 mL 1.7592 mL 4.3979 mL
25 mM 0.1407 mL 0.7037 mL 1.4073 mL 3.5183 mL
30 mM 0.1173 mL 0.5864 mL 1.1728 mL 2.9319 mL
40 mM 0.0880 mL 0.4398 mL 0.8796 mL 2.1989 mL
50 mM 0.0704 mL 0.3518 mL 0.7037 mL 1.7592 mL
60 mM 0.0586 mL 0.2932 mL 0.5864 mL 1.4660 mL
80 mM 0.0440 mL 0.2199 mL 0.4398 mL 1.0995 mL
100 mM 0.0352 mL 0.1759 mL 0.3518 mL 0.8796 mL
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Xanthosine Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Xanthosine146-80-5Endogenous Metabolitemammary cellcatLRECHolstein calvesMECInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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