2. Induced Disease Models Products Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Autophagy Anti-infection Apoptosis
  3. Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Models Nervous System Disease Models DNA/RNA Synthesis DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker Autophagy Bacterial Antibiotic Apoptosis
  4. Diabetes Models Alzheimer's Disease Models
  5. Streptozotocin

Streptozotocin  (Synonyms: Streptozocin; NSC-85998; U 9889)

Cat. No.: HY-13753 Purity: 99.15%
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Streptozotocin (Streptozocin; STZ) is an antibiotic widely used in experimental animal models of induced diabetes. Streptozotocin enters B cells via the glucose transporter (GLUT2) and causes the alkylation of DNA ( DNA-methylating ). Streptozotocin can induce the apoptosis of β cells.

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Streptozotocin Chemical Structure

Streptozotocin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 18883-66-4

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Based on 55 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Streptozotocin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

55 Publications Citing Use of MCE Streptozotocin

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Description

Streptozotocin (Streptozocin; STZ) is an antibiotic widely used in experimental animal models of induced diabetes. Streptozotocin enters B cells via the glucose transporter (GLUT2) and causes the alkylation of DNA ( DNA-methylating ). Streptozotocin can induce the apoptosis of β cells[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

DNA alkylator[2]
In Vitro

The IC50 values of Streptozotocin for HL60, K562 and C1498 cells were 11.7, 904 and 1024 μg/ml, respectively[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Streptozotocin Related Antibodies
In Vivo

Streptozotocin is suitable for constructing models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Highly water-soluble, Streptozotocin, once absorbed, distributes widely throughout the body, including crossing the blood-brain barrier and placenta, entering various tissues. In the liver, Streptozotocin undergoes chemical modification, converting into an active form that causes DNA methylation and damages pancreatic β-cells, leading to diabetes. The elimination half-life of Streptozotocin varies depending on the species and route of administration.

Induction of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)[3][4][5]
Background
Induces disease by direct destroying the animal's islet β beta cells.
Specific Mmodeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • female • 10 week-old
Administration: 200 mg/kg • i.p. • single high dose.
Rat: Sprague-Dawley or Wistar rats • male • 8-10 weeks-old
Administration: 65 mg/kg • i.p. • single high dose.
Note
Tips:
1) The sensitivity of different species of animals to STZ varies greatly, and it is recommended to use male rats (female mice are more tolerant to STZ) [3];
2) Fasting without water before administration can increase the sensitivity of pancreatic β cells to STZ. STZ injection in model animals generally requires rapid injection;
3) Different strains of mice have different sensitivities to STZ. Studies have reported that the DBA/2 strain is the most sensitive, followed by C57BL6. Balb/cJ mice are resistant to multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetes[4];
4) After STZ treatment, animals die due to fatal hypoglycemia due to massive necrosis of pancreatic β-cells and sudden release of insulin, usually within 48 hours after injection. To prevent this, it is best to provide animals with 10% sucrose water regularly after STZ treatment. If animal mortality exceeds 20% when using a single high-dose STZ diabetic mouse protocol, treat animals with an intraperitoneal injection of 5% glucose solution within 6 hours of STZ injection[5];
5) Preliminary experiments are required, and it is not recommended to directly use the administration methods and dosages in the literature.
Modeling Indicators
Blood glucose level : Blood glucose level exceeds 300 mg/dL(16.7 mmoL/L).
Other indicators : generally accompanied by increased water intake, urine volume, and weight loss. Serum biochemical indexes such as total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein also increased significantly with the occurrence of diabetes.
Correlated Product(s): /
Opposite Product(s): /

Induction of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)[3][4][5]
Background
The disease is induced by partially destroying the animals' islet β cells, making the peripheral tissue insensitive to insulin, and by feeding them a high-calorie diet.
Specific Mmodeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • female • 10 week-old
Administration: • i.p. • high-fat diet+low-dose injection of 40 mg/kg STZ for 4 days.
Rat: Sprague-Dawley or Wistar rats • male • 8-10 weeks-old
Administration: i.p. • 8 weeks of high-fat diet+low-dose injection of 25 mg/kg STZ for 5 days.
Note
Tips:
1) The sensitivity of different species of animals to STZ varies greatly, and it is recommended to use male rats (female mice are more tolerant to STZ) [3];
2) Fasting without water before administration can increase the sensitivity of pancreatic β cells to STZ. STZ injection in model animals generally requires rapid injection;
3) Different strains of mice have different sensitivities to STZ. Studies have reported that the DBA/2 strain is the most sensitive, followed by C57BL6. Balb/cJ mice are resistant to multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetes[4];
4) After STZ treatment, animals die due to fatal hypoglycemia due to massive necrosis of pancreatic β-cells and sudden release of insulin, usually within 48 hours after injection. To prevent this, it is best to provide animals with 10% sucrose water regularly after STZ treatment. If animal mortality exceeds 20% when using a single high-dose STZ diabetic mouse protocol, treat animals with an intraperitoneal injection of 5% glucose solution within 6 hours of STZ injection[5];
5) Preliminary experiments are required, and it is not recommended to directly use the administration methods and dosages in the literature.
Modeling Indicators
Blood glucose level : Blood glucose level exceeds 300 mg/dL(16.7 mmoL/L).
Other indicators : generally accompanied by increased water intake, urine volume, and weight loss. Serum biochemical indexes such as total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein also increased significantly with the occurrence of diabetes.
Correlated Product(s): /
Opposite Product(s): /

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

265.22

Formula

C8H15N3O7
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](NC(N(C)N=O)=O)[C@H]1O
Structure Classification
Initial Source

Streptomyces achromogenes
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 113.3 mg/mL (427.19 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (377.05 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.7705 mL 18.8523 mL 37.7045 mL
5 mM 0.7541 mL 3.7705 mL 7.5409 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  0.1 M Sodium Citrate Buffer (pH 4.5)

    Solubility: 200 mg/mL (754.09 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.15%

SDS (630 KB)

COA (255 KB) HNMR (281 KB) NP-HPLC (173 KB) MS (69 KB) Elemental Analysis Report (113 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. The compound is unstable in solutions, freshly prepared is recommended.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 3.7705 mL 18.8523 mL 37.7045 mL 94.2614 mL
5 mM 0.7541 mL 3.7705 mL 7.5409 mL 18.8523 mL
10 mM 0.3770 mL 1.8852 mL 3.7705 mL 9.4261 mL
15 mM 0.2514 mL 1.2568 mL 2.5136 mL 6.2841 mL
20 mM 0.1885 mL 0.9426 mL 1.8852 mL 4.7131 mL
25 mM 0.1508 mL 0.7541 mL 1.5082 mL 3.7705 mL
30 mM 0.1257 mL 0.6284 mL 1.2568 mL 3.1420 mL
40 mM 0.0943 mL 0.4713 mL 0.9426 mL 2.3565 mL
50 mM 0.0754 mL 0.3770 mL 0.7541 mL 1.8852 mL
60 mM 0.0628 mL 0.3142 mL 0.6284 mL 1.5710 mL
80 mM 0.0471 mL 0.2357 mL 0.4713 mL 1.1783 mL
100 mM 0.0377 mL 0.1885 mL 0.3770 mL 0.9426 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Streptozotocin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Streptozotocin18883-66-4Streptozocin NSC-85998 U 9889NSC85998NSC 85998NSC-85998U9889U 9889U-9889DNA/RNA SynthesisDNA Alkylator/CrosslinkerAutophagyBacterialAntibioticApoptosisSTZDNA-methylatingHL60K562C1498DiabetesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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