2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Necroptosis

Necroptosis

Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrotic cell death mediated by receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) and generally manifests with morphological features of necrosis. Necroptosis is characterized by early loss of plasma membrane integrity, leakage of intracellular contents, and organelle swelling. The cells dying through necroptosis lack the typical apoptotic characteristics, such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and intranucleosomal DNA cleavage into 180 bp DNA laddering, but may show TUNEL positivity.

Necroptosis triggers innate immune responses by rupturing dead cells and releasing intracellular components, it can be caused by Toll-like receptor (TLR)-3 and TLR-4 agonists, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), certain microbial infections, and T cell receptors. Necroptosis signaling is modulated by receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 1 when the activity of caspase-8 becomes compromised. Activated death receptors (DRs) cause the activation of receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) and the RIPK1 kinase activity-dependent formation of an RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL, which is complex II. RIPK3 phosphorylates MLKL, ultimately leading to necrosis through plasma membrane disruption and cell lysis.

Necroptosis Related Products (93):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-147521
    Antitumor photosensitizer-3
    Antitumor photosensitizer-3 (Compound I) is a chlorin derivative. Antitumor photosensitizer-3 induces tumor cells apoptosis and necrosis under 650 nm laser irradiation. Antitumor photosensitizer-3 exhibits lower skin photo-toxicity than positive reference m-THPC in vivo.
    Antitumor photosensitizer-3
  • HY-149080
    Antiparasitic agent-16
    		Inducer
    Antiparasitic agent-16, a pyridine-thiazolidinone, has anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and leishmanicidal activities. Antiparasitic agent-16 has IC50s of 1.0 μM and 0.6 μM against trypomastigote and amastigote forms of T. cruzi. Antiparasitic agent-16 has IC50s of 150.2 μM and 16.75 μM against trypomastigote and amastigote forms of L. amazonensis. Antiparasitic agent-16 induces parasite cell death through necrosis induction. Antiparasitic agent-16 induces morphological changes such as shortening, retraction and curvature of the parasite body and leakage of internal content with T. cruzi trypomastigotes.
    Antiparasitic agent-16
  • HY-161911
    Necroptosis-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    Necroptosis-IN-5 (Compound 26) is an orally active necroptosis inhibitor. Necroptosis-IN-5 also exhibits potent inhibitory activity against receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1). Necroptosis-IN-5 can be used to study necroptosis-related inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers.
    Necroptosis-IN-5
  • HY-162569
    Ru-TRZ2
    		Inducer
    Ru-TRZ2 is a potent ruthenium-based chemotherapeutic agent. Ru-TRZ2 induces apoptosis and necroptosis. Ru-TRZ2 shows antitumor activity.
    Ru-TRZ2
  • HY-151542
    MLKL-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    MLKL-IN-4 (compound 56) is a potent MLKL (Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein) inhibitor. MLKL-IN-4 inhibits necroptosis in HT-29 cells and acts downstream of MLKL phosphorylation, with EC50 of 82 nM. MLKL-IN-4 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    MLKL-IN-4
  • HY-N8380
    (-)-Latifolin
    		Inducer
    (-)-Latifolin, a flavonoid, induces apoptotic cell death by targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signaling. (-)-Latifolin significantly inhibits the cell proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and causes the anti-metastatic activities by effectively blocking cell migration, invasion, and adhesion via the inactivation of FAK/Src. (-)-Latifolin suppresses autophagic-related proteins and autophagosome formation. (-)-Latifolin inhibits necroptosis by dephosphorylating necroptosis-regulatory proteins (RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL). (-)-Latifolin has beneficial effects on anti-aging, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and cardio-protective activities.
    (-)-Latifolin
  • HY-130369
    NSC10010 hydrochloride
    		Inducer
    NSC10010 hydrochloride inhibits gammaherpesvirus associated B-lymphomas growth through activation of NF-kB and c-Myc-mediated signaling pathways. NSC10010 hydrochloride induces necrotic cell death in gammaherpesvirus infected B-cells. NSC10010 hydrochloride is also an inhibitor of Mtb ClpC1 ATPase.
    NSC10010 hydrochloride
  • HY-121261
    Antineoplastic agent-1
    		Inducer
    Antineoplastic agent-1 is an alkylating agent and a genotoxic agent that can induce DNA damage. Antineoplastic agent-1 can lead to irreversible damage and progressive death of liver cells due to necroptosis and apoptosis. Antineoplastic agent-1 can cause alkylation damage to hematopoietic cells and stromal cells in the bone marrow. Antineoplastic agent-1 can be used in tumor research.
    Antineoplastic agent-1
  • HY-B1984R
    p,p'-DDD (Standard)
    		Inducer
    p,p'-DDD (Standard) is the analytical standard of p,p'-DDD. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. p,p'-DDD (4,4’-DDD) is an organochlorine insecticide, a major metabolite of p,p'-DDT. p,p'-DDD is an agonist at estrogen receptor α(ERα) and ERβ. p,p'-DDD increases DNA damage, apoptosis and necrosis in peripheral blood. p,p'-DDD stimulates cell proliferation in SKBR3 cells. p,p'-DDD activates the AP-1 transcription factor. p,p'-DDD decreases sleep times of barbiturates and steroids in rats.
    p,p'-DDD (Standard)
  • HY-W014839S
    Cyclamic acid-d11 sodium
    		Inducer
    Cyclamic acid-d11 (Sodium cyclamate-d11) sodiumis deuterium labeled Cyclamic acid (sodium). Cyclamic acid sodium (Sodium cyclamate) is a commonly used sweetener. Cyclamic acid sodium is toxic to osteoblasts and can inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and reduce cell mineralization. Cyclamic acid sodium causes focal necrosis of bladder organs in rats in vitro, which can promote bladder cancer, but some studies have shown that low doses of Cyclamic acid sodium have no carcinogenic effect. In addition, Cyclamic acid sodium has no effect on insulin and glucagon secretion induced by arginine.
    Cyclamic acid-d<sub>11</sub> sodium
  • HY-W010800R
    Cholesteryl hemisuccinate (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Cholesteryl hemisuccinate (Standard)
  • HY-B0863B
    Glyphosate isopropylammonium
    		Inducer
    Glyphosate isopropylammonium, a non-selective systemic biocide with broad-spectrum activity, is an herbicidal derivative of the amino acid glycine. Glyphosate isopropylammonium inhibits the enzymatic activity of the 5-endopyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) in the shikimic acid pathway, preventing the synthesis of the aromatic amino acids tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. Glyphosate isopropylammonium induces oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, processes that lead to neuronal death by autophagia, necrosis, or apoptosis, as well as the appearance of behavioral and motor disorders.
    Glyphosate isopropylammonium
  • HY-129577
    Aplysin
    		Inhibitor
    Aplysin is a brominated sesquiterpene with an isoprene backbone that exhibits hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and antitumor activities. Aplysin effectively prevents spontaneous pancreatic necrosis and inflammatory responses in NOD mice.
    Aplysin