Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500)  (Synonyms: DSS (MW 4500-5500); DXS (MW 4500-5500))

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 4500-5500) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 4500-5500. Dextran sulfate sodium salt with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is an inhibitor of complement and coagulation pathways, and belongs to the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) family. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) acts as an anticoagulant, antiviral, and anti-lipemic agent. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) stops HIV-1 virus adsorption to host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) prevents NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) inhibits instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR)^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

Coagulation activity:
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) enhances C1 inhibitor's effect on FXIa, accelerates thrombin inhibition by Antithrombin and heparin cofactor II.
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) (0.01-1 mg/mL) inhibits macroscopic clotting, abrogates platelet consumption and completely blocks the generation of C3a, FXIa-Antithrombin and thrombin-antithrombin when human islets came in contact with ABO-compatible blood^[1].

Antiviral activity:
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) (25 μg/mL; 24 h) completely protected MT-4 cells from HIV-1-induced cytopathogenicity^[2].

Others:
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) can be labeled with 2-aminopyridine (yielding pyridylamino-DSS or PA-DSS) and be used to examine its metabolism in Caco-2 cells. PA-DSS (MW 5000) (3%; 24 h) rapidly inhibits the energy metabolism of Caco-2 cells^[3].
Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) (0-25 mg/mL, 6 h) protects human myoblasts from NK cell mediated killing^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 5000) (5 mg/mL, 200 μL, infused locally into the ischemic aortic segment immediately prior to reperfusion, ) reduces complement activation, thereby reducing endothelial damage following ischemia and reperfusion in an infrarenal aortic clamping model in rats^[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

4500-5500

9011-18-1

Solid

White to off-white

[Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500)]

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Johansson H, et al. Low molecular weight dextran sulfate: a strong candidate drug to block IBMIR in clinical islet transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2006 Feb;6(2):305-12.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Baba M, et al. Mechanism of inhibitory effect of dextran sulfate and heparin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6132-6.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Araki Y, et al. Dextran sulfate sodium administered orally is depolymerized in the stomach and induces cell cycle arrest plus apoptosis in the colon in early mouse colitis. Oncol Rep. 2012 Nov;28(5):1597-605.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Laumonier T,et al. Low molecular weight dextran sulfate binds to human myoblasts and improves their survival after transplantation in mice. Cell Transplant. 2013;22(7):1213-26.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Banz Y, et al. Dextran sulfate modulates MAP kinase signaling and reduces endothelial injury in a rat aortic clamping model. J Vasc Surg. 2009 Jul;50(1):161-70.  [Content Brief]