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  6. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000)

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000)  (Synonyms: DSS (MW 35000-45000); DXS (MW 35000-45000))

Cat. No.: HY-116282C
SDS
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Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 35000-45000. DSS with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) is a potent inducer of colitis. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) can be used to induce model acute colitis, chronic colitis, and colitis-related colon cancer. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) may be related to macrophage dysfunction, intestinal flora dysbiosis, and is particularly toxic to the colonic epithelium.

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Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) Chemical Structure

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 9011-18-1

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Description

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 35000-45000. DSS with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) is a potent inducer of colitis. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) can be used to induce model acute colitis, chronic colitis, and colitis-related colon cancer. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 35000-45000) may be related to macrophage dysfunction, intestinal flora dysbiosis, and is particularly toxic to the colonic epithelium[1][2][3][4][5].

In Vivo

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) can be used to induce acute/chronic colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer models[6][7][8][9][10].

1. Induction of acute colitis model[6][7][8]
Background
DSS disrupts the intestinal mucosal barrier, activates immune cells, and triggers oxidative stress responses. These factors collectively lead to acute inflammation of the intestinal mucosa.
Specific Modeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • 6-12 weeks old • 18-22 g
Administration: 1.75%-5% (w/v) DSS in drinking water • 7 days
Note
(1) It is recommended to replace the drinking water containing DSS every 1-2 days. The water intake can be calculated according to 7-10 mL per day for mice and 11 mL/100 g of body weight per day for rats. Ensure that there is no blockage or leakage in the water bottle.
(2) Record the water intake, body weight, and disease phenotype every day. For pathological sections, it is recommended to take a 1-2 cm segment near the anus.
(3) The concentration of the DSS solution, the species and strain of the animals may all affect the effect of model establishment. The optimal age range for successfully and easily repeating the DSS colitis is 6 to 8 weeks, and male mice may be more sensitive than female mice.
(4) In order to reduce the difference in water intake and observe the progress of model establishment more clearly, it is recommended to house 2-3 animals in each cage, and no more than 5 animals per cage.
(5) Some studies have shown that 36000-50000 (36-50 kda) is the optimal molecular weight range of DSS for establishing a colitis model. If the molecular weight of DSS is too low, it will lead to a weak inflammatory effect, while an excessively large molecular weight will make absorption more difficult.
Modeling Indicators
Phenotypic observation: body weight reduction within the range of 10%-20%, diarrhea, bloody stools, and a significant shortening of the colon.
Histological changes (HE staining in the colon tissue): mucosal damage, crypt structure destruction, goblet cells shedding/disappearance, granulocyte infiltration.
Correlated Product(s): /
Opposite Product(s): P-2281 (HY-118704); Biochanin A (HY-14595)
2. Induction of chronic colitis model[9]
Background
The continuous effect of DSS repeatedly damages the intestinal mucosa, leading to an imbalance in immune regulation and a dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. This results in the inflammation lingering and failing to heal, thus giving rise to chronic colitis.
Specific Modeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • 6-12 weeks old • 18-22 g
Administration: 2%-3% (w/v) DSS in drinking water (A cycle consists of 7 days of DSS in the drinking water and 14 days with normal water, and this cycle is repeated three times.)
Modeling Indicators
Phenotypic observation: body weight and spleen weight reduction, diarrhea, bloody stools, rectal bleeding, and a significant shortening of the colon.
Histological changes (HE staining in the colon tissue): mucosal damage, crypt structure destruction, goblet cells shedding/disappearance, inflammatory cells infiltration.
Correlated Product(s): /
Opposite Product(s): /
3. Induction of colitis-associated colon cancer model[9][10]
Background
The long-term intestinal inflammatory environment induced by DSS generates a large number of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress products, which can damage the DNA of intestinal mucosal cells, leading to gene mutations. At the same time, it disrupts the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis, and create a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth, thus triggering colon cancer.
Specific Modeling Methods
Mice: C57BL/6 • 6-12 weeks old • 18-22 g
Administration: Intraperitoneally inject the carcinogen Azoxymethane (AOM, HY-111375) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. One week later, provide drinking water containing 2%-2.5% (w/v) of DSS (A cycle consists of 7 days with DSS in the drinking water and 14 days with normal water, and this cycle is repeated three times).
Modeling Indicators
Phenotypic observation: body weight reduction, diarrhea, bloody stools, loose stools, and a significant shortening and thickening of the colon.
Endoscopic examination: Endoscopic monitoring of tumor burden (mainly in the distal colon) was performed 1 week after the completion of the second round of DSS..
Histological changes (HE staining in the colon tissue): tumor formation, intratumoral crypt abscesses, inflammatory cell infiltration, etc.
Correlated Product(s): Triclosan (HY-B1119)
Opposite Product(s): /

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Molecular Weight

35000-45000

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

[Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000)]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 100 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 25 mg/mL; Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
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Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

SDS (393 KB)

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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
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Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000) Related Classifications

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    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 35000-45000)9011-18-1DSS (MW 35000-45000) DXS (MW 35000-45000)HIVApoptosisHuman immunodeficiency viruscolitishuman immunodeficiency virusInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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