S100A12 Protein, Human

The S100A12 protein is a calcium, zinc, and copper binder that regulates inflammation and immune responses. As a DAMP molecule, it activates innate immune cells through AGER, triggering pro-inflammatory pathways. S100A12 Protein, Human is the recombinant human-derived S100A12 protein, expressed by E. coli , with tag free. The total length of S100A12 Protein, Human is 92 a.a., with molecular weight of ~11.0 kDa.

S100A12, a calcium-, zinc-, and copper-binding protein, plays a pivotal role in regulating inflammatory processes and immune responses. Its pro-inflammatory functions include the recruitment of leukocytes, promotion of cytokine and chemokine production, and modulation of leukocyte adhesion and migration. Functioning as an alarmin or danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, S100A12 activates innate immune cells by binding to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGER). This binding triggers signaling pathways such as MAP-kinase and NF-kappa-B, resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules like ICAM1 and VCAM1. Acting as a chemoattractant, it draws monocytes and mast cells to inflammatory sites, inducing degranulation and activation of mast cells. S100A12 also exhibits inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9) by chelating Zn(2+) from their active sites. Additionally, it demonstrates filariacidal and filariastatic activities, along with antifungal properties against C.albicans and antibacterial effects against E.coli and P.aeruginosa. S100A12 forms homodimers and homooligomers (tetramers or hexamers) in the presence of calcium, zinc, and copper ions and interacts with AGER and CACYBP in a calcium-dependent manner.

Human

E. coli

Tag Free

P80511 (M1-E92)

6283  [NCBI]

MTKLEEHLEGIVNIFHQYSVRKGHFDTLSKGELKQLLTKELANTIKNIKDKAVIDEIFQGLDANQDEQVDFQEFISLVAIALKAAHYHTHKE

Approximately 11.0 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US;may vary elsewhere.