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gram-negative endotoxin

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-149179
    Polymyxin B
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 Bacterial Antibiotic Infection
    Polymyxin B is an antibiotic. Polymyxin B inhibits Gram-negative infections by binding to the LPS of the bacterial wall with high affinity. Polymyxin B neutralizes the effect of endotoxin. Polymyxin B induces bacterial death by increasing its permeability. Polymyxin B is used in endotoxemia research .
    Polymyxin B
  • HY-A0248
    Polymyxin B Sulfate
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 Bacterial Antibiotic Infection
    Polymyxin B Sulfate is a potent antibacterial agent and a relatively toxic antibiotic. Polymyxin B Sulfate also is a antiendotoxin agent. Polymyxin B Sulfate shows endotoxin-neutralizing properties can be used as adjunctive research in gram-negative sepsis. Polymyxin B Sulfate shows antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo .
    Polymyxin B Sulfate
  • HY-130581
    Lipid X

    		Bacterial Antibiotic Infection
    Lipid X is a novel monosaccharide precursor of Lipid A (the active moiety of gram-negative endotoxin). Lipid X is protective against endotoxin administered to mice and sheep and against life-threatening gram-negative infections in mice .
    Lipid X
  • HY-D1056B4
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa

    LPS, from bacterial (Salmonella typhosa)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from Salmonella typhosa is a kind of endotoxins derived from Salmonella typhosa .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa
  • HY-D1056B1
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus vulgaris

    LPS, from bacterial (Proteus vulgaris)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus vulgaris is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus vulgaris .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus vulgaris
  • HY-D1056B2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis

    LPS, from bacterial (Proteus mirabilis)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis is a kind of endotoxins derived from Proteus mirabilis .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from Proteus mirabilis
  • HY-D1056D
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis

    LPS, from Porphyromonas gingivalis

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis is a kind of endotoxins derived from P. gingivalis .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis
  • HY-D1056C4
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype abortus equi

    LPS, from Salmonella enterica (Serotype abortus equi)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from S. enterica serotype abortus equi is a kind of endotoxins derived from S. enterica serotype abortus equi .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype abortus equi
  • HY-D1056A5
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli K-235

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (K-235)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), from E. coli K-235 is a kind of endotoxins derived from E. coli K-235 .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli K-235
  • HY-19126
    CL-184005

    		Platelet-activating Factor Receptor (PAFR) Infection
    CL-184005 is an antagonist for platelet-activating factor (PAF), that inhibits the PAF-induced platelet aggregation with IC50 of 600 nM and 510 nM, in human and rabbit platelet-rich plasma. CL-184005 protects the rats from endotoxin-induced gastrointestinal damage and hypotension. CL-184005 exhibits potential attenuating Gram-negative bacterial sepsis .
    CL-184005
  • HY-D1056A1
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4

    LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins and TLR-4 activators that activate pathogenicity-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) of the immune system and induce cell secretion of migrasomes. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and are composed of an antigenic O-specific chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 is a kind of endotoxins derived from E. coli .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4
  • HY-A0248R
    Polymyxin B Sulfate (Standard)

    		Bacterial Antibiotic Infection
    Polymyxin B (Sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Polymyxin B (Sulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Polymyxin B Sulfate is a potent antibacterial agent and a relatively toxic antibiotic. Polymyxin B Sulfate also is a antiendotoxin agent. Polymyxin B Sulfate shows endotoxin-neutralizing properties can be used as adjunctive research in gram-negative sepsis. Polymyxin B Sulfate shows antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo .
    Polymyxin B Sulfate (Standard)
  • HY-D1056H
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens

    LPS, from Serratia marcescens

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens, are lipopolysaccharide endotoxins that can activate pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) in the immune system and induce the secretion of exosomes by cells. Lipopolysaccharides can be extracted from the outer leaflet of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and consist of an O-specific antigen chain, a core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens, induce the activation of NF-κB in mouse cells through Toll-like receptor (TLR4)/MD-2. Lipopolysaccharides from S. marcescens can also induce apoptosis in host immune cellsS. marcescens .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. marcescens
  • HY-D1056C3
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium

    LPS, from Salmonella enterica (Serotype typhimurium)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium, are a kind of lipid-polysaccharide endotoxin. Smooth Gram-negative bacteria's lipopolysaccharides are made up of three components: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O antigen (OAg). The O antigen is a polymer of sugar repeat units (RUs); the Wzz protein regulates the length of the O antigen in lipopolysaccharides, and the number of RUs attached to lipid A is determined by the modal value set by the Wzz protein. S. enterica typhimurium has two Wzz proteins: WzzST (which makes the modal range of the O antigen between 16 and 35 RUs) and WzzfepE (which makes the modal value over 100 RUs). Mutating the genes corresponding to these two proteins causes the formation of short-chain O antigen chains and significantly reduces bacterial pathogenicity .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype typhimurium
  • HY-D1056
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5
    Maximum Cited Publications
    201 Publications Verification

    LPS

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 is an endotoxin extracted from E. coli O55:B5, consisting of an antigen-specific chain, A core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 activates TLR-4 of immune cells. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 can induce the change of body temperature in rats with dose and serotype specificity. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5 caused a heterogeneous and dose-independent increase in body temperature in rats .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5
  • HY-D1056C2
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota

    LPS, from Salmonella enterica (Serotype minnesota)

    		 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Inflammation/Immunology
    Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are specific endotoxins and one of the major components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist of three parts: lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide. Lipopolysaccharides are powerful immune stimulants that can activate the host immune system, particularly by binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on the surface of immune cells, triggering an inflammatory response. The LPS of most Salmonella serotypes has a complex O-antigen (OAg) structure, with the number of OAg units in the core polysaccharide varying between 16 and over 100 repeats. Mutations in OAg-regulating factors that alter the OAg structure can change the interaction between Salmonella and epithelial cells. Strains with long OAg have increased SPI1-T3SS effector protein translocation and invasion. Strains completely lacking OAg exhibit increased invasiveness and higher adhesiveness. This product is derived from Salmonella enterica serotype Minnesota. Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota, can be used to study host immune system activation and its role in inflammation and immune regulation .
    Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype minnesota

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