2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-17479
    Amfenac
    Amfenac (AHR 5850) is an orally active and potent anti-inflammatory compound possessing antipyretic and analgesic properties. Amfenac can be used for the research of acute and chronic inflammation.
    Amfenac
  • HY-N16450
    Cnidilide
    		Inhibitor
    Cnidilide is a natural product of alkylphthalein. Cnidilide can be isolated from the rhizomes of Cnidium officinale. Cnidilide reduces the production of NO and PGE2 by inhibiting the expression of iNOS and COX-2 induced by LPS (HY-D1056). Cnidilide can inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Cnidilide can specifically inhibit the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and JNK, as well as the activation of downstream kinase MSK-1. Cnidilide blocks the signaling pathway by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of AP-1 and NF-κB. can be used for research on inflammation conditions.
    Cnidilide
  • HY-128463S
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone-d14
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone-d14 is the deuterium labeled N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone is a nitrone-based free radical scavenger that forms nitroxide spin adducts. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone inhibits COX2 catalytic activity. N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone has potent ROS scavenging, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-aging and anti-diabetic activities, and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
    N-tert-Butyl-α-phenylnitrone-d<sub>14</sub>
  • HY-107320
    Amtolmetin guacil
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Amtolmetin guacil is an effective nonsteroidal anti-Inflammatory agent with pain-relieving effects. Amtolmetin guacil inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase (COX). Amtolmetin guacil can stimulate capsaicin receptors present on the gastrointestinal wall and also releases gastroprotective nitric oxide (NO). Amtolmetin guacil can be used to research knee osteoarthritis.
    Amtolmetin guacil
  • HY-144773A
    Loxoprofenol-SRS tromethamine
    		Inhibitor
    Loxoprofenol-SRS tromethamine (HR1405-01), an active metabolite of Loxoprofen, is a Safe intravenous non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with superior anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
    Loxoprofenol-SRS tromethamine
  • HY-147693
    COX-1/2-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    COX-1/2-IN-3 (Compound 7a) is a COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor. COX-2-IN-15 shows anti-inflammatory activity with low toxicity.
    COX-1/2-IN-3
  • HY-115742
    (Rac)-γ-Tocopherol
    		Inhibitor
    (Rac)-γ-Tocopherol (DMPBQ) is a Vitamin E isoform, which is converted by tocopherol cyclase to γ-Tcopherol.
    (Rac)-γ-Tocopherol
  • HY-17509S
    Deracoxib-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Deracoxib-d3 (SC 046-d3; SC 59046-d3) is the deuterium labeled Deracoxib (HY-17509). Deracoxib, an orally active COX-2 inhibitor, is a veterinary nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent used exclusively in dogs. Deracoxib inhibits the COX-2 enzyme to reduce the production of prostaglandins, effectively controlling pain and inflammation after canine soft tissue surgery. Deracoxib reduces the inhibition of COX-1 and lowers the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Deracoxib induces tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and shows anti-tumor activity in canine osteosarcoma, breast tumors and bladder transitional cell carcinomas.
    Deracoxib-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B1227S
    Carprofen-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Carprofen-d3 is the deuterium labeled Carprofen. Carprofen is a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agent, acts as a multi-target FAAH/COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 3.9 μM, 22.3 μM and 78.6 μM for COX-2, COX-1 and FAAH, respectively.
    Carprofen-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W995241
    BPD
    		Inhibitor
    BPD is a COX-2 and TAK1-NF-κB inhibitor, with an IC50 of 18.5 μM for COX-2. BPD inhibits the expression of iNOS, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β at the transcriptional level. BPD has anti-inflammatory activity. BPD can inhibit Carrageenan-induced paw oedema and LPS-induced septic death.
    BPD
  • HY-N10375
    Kuwanon T
    		Inhibitor
    Kuwanon T is an isoprenylated flavonoid compound isolated from the root bark of Morus alba. Kuwanon T shows protective effects on t-BHP-induced oxidative stress with a EC50 of 30.32 μM.
    Kuwanon T
  • HY-10582S2
    Flurbiprofen-13C,d3
    		Inhibitor
    Flurbiprofen-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled Flurbiprofen. Flurbiprofen (dl-Flurbiprofen) is a potent, orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA/NSAID), with antipyretic and analgesic activities. Flurbiprofen is commonly used for the research of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Flurbiprofen is a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that can be used for the research of colorectal cancer.
    Flurbiprofen-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N1380S2
    Guaiacol-13C6
    Guaiacol-13C6 is the 13C labeled Guaiacol. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Guaiacol-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-147912
    COX-2/PI3K-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/PI3K-IN-2 (compound 5f) is a potent PI3K inhibitor with IC50 value of 2.78 nM. COX-2/PI3K-IN-2 is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with Ki value of 3.02 nM. COX-2/PI3K-IN-2 shows anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
    COX-2/PI3K-IN-2
  • HY-177643
    Lixadesiran
    		Inhibitor
    Lixadesiran is a siRNA in STP705. It targets to COX-2. STP705 is composed of 2 siRNA oligonucleotides (Pixofisiran and Lixadesiran) that individually target TGF-β1 and COX-2 mRNA.
    Lixadesiran
  • HY-N3231
    Murraol
    		Inhibitor
    Murraol (CM-c2), a coumarin, can be isolated from the leaves of Madagascar pine cork (Apiaceae). Murraol has cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase inhibitory properties and has an inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells.
    Murraol
  • HY-N3364
    Lucidone
    		Inhibitor
    Lucidone, an anti-inflammatory agent that can be isolated from the fruit of Lindera erythrocarpa Makino. Lucidone inhibits LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Lucidone also decreases TNF-α secretion, iNOS and COX-2 expression. Lucidone prevents NF-κB translocation and inhibits JNK and p38MAPK signals. Lucidone also has inhibitory activity against Dengue virus (DENV) (EC50=25 μM).
    Lucidone
  • HY-N7064R
    Iminostilbene (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Iminostilbene (Standard) is the analytical standard of Iminostilbene. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Iminostilbene is a a chemical precursor of carbamazepine.
    Iminostilbene (Standard)
  • HY-156254
    COX-2-IN-35
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-35 (compound 7) is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.37 nM. COX-2-IN-35 has anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2-IN-35
  • HY-B0714R
    Dexketoprofen (trometamol) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Dexketoprofen (trometamol) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dexketoprofen (trometamol). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dexketoprofen trometamol (Dexketoprofen tromethamine salt) is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Dexketoprofen trometamol has a pain-relieving effect.
    Dexketoprofen (trometamol) (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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