2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0363S
    Nimesulide-d5
    		Inhibitor
    Nimesulide-d5 is a deuterium labeled Nimesulide. Nimesulide is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 70 nM-70 μM in a time-dependent manner, but it shows no effect on COX-1 (IC50 >100 μM). Nimesulide has potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties[1][2].
    Nimesulide-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-14617R
    Paradol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Paradol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Paradol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Paradol is a pungent phenolic substance found in ginger and other Zingiberaceae plants. Paradol is an effective inhibitor of tumor promotion in mouse skin carcinogenesis, binds to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 active site.
    Paradol (Standard)
  • HY-14398G
    Celecoxib (GMP)
    		Inhibitor
    Celecoxib (GMP) is Celecoxib (HY-14398) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules work appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Celecoxib,a selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 40 nM.
    Celecoxib (GMP)
  • HY-149299
    PYZ18
    		Inhibitor
    PYZ18 is a selective COX-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.07 μM. PYZ18 is the best lead compound for COX-2 inhibitors. PYZ18 has anti-inflammatory and other biological properties.
    PYZ18
  • HY-N1957R
    Gamma-Mangostin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Gamma-Mangostin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gamma-Mangostin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gamma-Mangostin is a novel competitive 5-hydroxytryptamine 2A (5-HT2A) receptor antagonist and potent epoxidase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor, as well as a transthyroxin protein (TTR) profibrosis inhibitor. Gamma-Mangostin binds to the thyroxine (T4)-binding sites and stabilized the TTR tetramer. Gamma-Mangostin inhibits [3H] spiperone binding to cultured rat aortic myocytes (IC50=3.5 nM) and reduces The perfusion pressure response of rat coronary artery to 5-HT2A (IC50=0.32 μM). Gamma-Mangostin has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities, and can be used in the study of metabolic disorders such as diabetes.
    Gamma-Mangostin (Standard)
  • HY-136592
    1-Hydroxy-ibuprofen
    		Inhibitor
    1-Hydroxy Ibuprofen is a metabolite of Ibuprofen in P. australis. Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory inhibitor targeting COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 13 μM and 370 μM, respectively.
    1-Hydroxy-ibuprofen
  • HY-N0222R
    Avicularin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Avicularin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Avicularin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Avicularin is an orally active flavonoid. Avicularin inhibits NF-κB (p65), COX-2 and PPAR-γ activities. Avicularin has anti-inflammatory, anti-infectious anti-allergic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumor activities.
    Avicularin (Standard)
  • HY-161862
    COX-2-IN-44
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-44 is a potent and orally active COX-2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.18,1.14 µM for COX-2, COX-1, respectively. COX-2-IN-44 shows anti-inflammatory activity.
    COX-2-IN-44
  • HY-N3632
    Methoxycoronarin D
    		Inhibitor
    Methoxycoronarin D can be isolated from Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig and is a potent inhibitor of NF-魏B with an IC50 value of 7.3 渭M. Methoxycoronarin D is also a selective inhibitor of COX-1 with an IC50 value of 0.9 渭M.
    Methoxycoronarin D
  • HY-B0714
    Dexketoprofen (trometamol)
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    Dexketoprofen trometamol (Dexketoprofen tromethamine salt) is an orally active non-selective COX inhibitor. Dexketoprofen trometamol has a pain-relieving effect.
    Dexketoprofen (trometamol)
  • HY-10582S3
    Flurbiprofen-d4
    		Inhibitor
    Flurbiprofen-d4 is deuterated labeled Flurbiprofen (HY-10582). Flurbiprofen (dl-Flurbiprofen) is a potent, orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA/NSAID), with antipyretic and analgesic activities. Flurbiprofen is commonly used for the research of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Flurbiprofen is a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that can be used for the research of colorectal cancer.
    Flurbiprofen-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-147963
    COX-2-IN-24
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2-IN-24 is an orally active inhibitor of COX-2 with IC50 value of 0.17 μM, shows anti-inflammatory and low ulcerogenic activities.
    COX-2-IN-24
  • HY-114950R
    EXP3179 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    EXP3179 (Standard) is the analytical standard of EXP3179. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. EXP3179 is an important intermediate aldehyde metabolite of Losartan. EXP3179 has no AT1-R–blocking activity, but potently inhibits the expression of endothelial cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. EXP3179 exerts potent anti-inflammatory actions.
    EXP3179 (Standard)
  • HY-147951
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-3 (compound 5b) is a potent and dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitor with IC50 values of 45.73, 5.45 and 4.33 μM for COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX, respectively. COX-2/5-LOX-IN-3 has the potential for the research of inflammation diseases.
    COX-2/5-LOX-IN-3
  • HY-147836
    Akt/NF-κB/JNK-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    Akt/NF-κB/JNK-IN-1 (Compound 2i) is an inhibitor of Akt, NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways. Akt/NF-κB/JNK-IN-1 inhibits nitric oxide production with an IC50 of 3.15 μM. Akt/NF-κB/JNK-IN-1 shows anti-inflammatory activities.
    Akt/NF-κB/JNK-IN-1
  • HY-14783
    Apricoxib
    		Inhibitor
    Apricoxib (CS 706) is a selective inhibitor for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Apricoxib inhibits the production of PGE2 in cells with IC50 of 1.5 nM. Apricoxib exhibits anticancer, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Apricoxib
  • HY-B0261R
    Meloxicam (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Meloxicam (Standard) is the analytical standard of Meloxicam. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, inhibits COX activity, with IC50s of 0.49 μM and 36.6 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.
    Meloxicam (Standard)
  • HY-B0634R
    Aceclofenac (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Aceclofenac (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aceclofenac. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aceclofenac is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID), with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Aceclofenac is used for the research of osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis.
    Aceclofenac (Standard)
  • HY-17357R
    Nepafenac (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Nepafenac (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nepafenac. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nepafenac (AHR 9434; AL 6515; Nevanac) is a COX-2 inhibitor and the original drug of Amfenac.
    Nepafenac (Standard)
  • HY-114911R
    Feprazone (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Feprazone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Feprazone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Feprazone (DA2370; Prenazone), an analogue of Phenylbutazone (HY-B0230), is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic activities. Feprazone acts by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Feprazone ameliorates free fatty acid (FFA)-induced oxidative stress by reducing the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Feprazone can decrease the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Besides, Feprazone can suppress adipogenesis and increase lipolysis in differentiating 3 T3-L1 cells. Feprazone also can be used to research atherosclerosis and obesity.
    Feprazone (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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