2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Phospholipase

Phospholipase

Phospholipase

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Phospholipase is a member of a very complex group of enzymes that break down phospholipids into fatty acids and other compounds. Phospholipases are defined by the enzymatic reaction they catalyze. The classes are phospholipase A, which has members A1 and A2; phospholipase B, which can carry out the reactions of both A1 and A2; phospholipase C; and phospholipase D.

Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyses the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of glycerophospholipids to yield fatty acids and lysophospholipids. Phospholipase C (PLC) converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG and IP3 each control diverse cellular processes and are also substrates for synthesis of other important signaling molecules. PLC is thus central to many important interlocking regulatory networks. Phospholipase D (PLD) is an essential enzyme responsible for the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), which is involved in fundamental cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation and cell survival.

Phospholipase Isoform Specific Products:

Phospholipase Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-168372
    1-Myristoyl-2-Linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC
    		Ligand
    1-Myristoyl-2-Linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC is a phospholipid that contains Myristic acid (HY-N2041) and Linoleic acid (HY-N0729) at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions, respectively, which is found in human plasma.
    1-Myristoyl-2-Linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PC
  • HY-112747
    Soy PE
    Phosphatidylethanolamine is the most abundant phospholipid in prokaryotes and the second most abundant found in the membrane of mammalian, plant, and yeast cells, comprising approximately 25% of total mammalian phospholipids. In the brain, phosphatidylethanolamine comprises almost half of the total phospholipids. It is synthesized mainly through the cytidine diphosphate-ethanolamine and phosphatidylserine decarboxylation pathways, which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes, respectively. It is a precursor in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and arachidonoyl ethanolamide and is a source of ethanolamine used in various cellular functions. In E. coli, phosphatidylethanolamine deficiency prevents proper assembly of lactose permease, suggesting a role as a lipid chaperone. It is a cofactor in the propagation of prions in vitro and can convert recombinant mammalian proteins into infectious molecules even in the absence of RNA. This product contains phosphatidylethanolamine molecular species with variable fatty acyl chain lengths at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions.
    Soy PE
  • HY-150559
    SMS2-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    SMS2-IN-3 is a potent and selective SMS2inhibitor (IC50=2.2 nM), significantly reduces the hepatic SM (22:0) levels.
    SMS2-IN-3
  • HY-118725
    Luffariellolide
    		Inhibitor
    Luffariellolide is an inhibitor of human synovial fluid phospholipase A2 (HSF-PLA2) (IC50=5 μM). Luffariellolide effectively inhibits phorbol ester (PMA)-induced ear edema (ED50=50 μg/ear).
    Luffariellolide
  • HY-129944
    MJ33-OH
    		Inhibitor
    MJ33-OH is a metabolite of MJ33. MJ33 is an active-site-directed, specific, competitive, and reversible phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. MJ33 blocks the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activity of Prdx6.
    MJ33-OH
  • HY-153561
    Lp-PLA2-IN-15
    		Inhibitor
    Lp-PLA2-IN-15 (example 2) is a lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA 2) inhibitor, which can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, etc.
    Lp-PLA2-IN-15
  • HY-153560
    Lp-PLA2-IN-14
    		Inhibitor
    Lp-PLA2-IN-14 (Compound 19) is an Lp-PLA2 inhibitor with a pIC50 of 8.4 against rhLp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2-IN-14 can be used for the research of neurodegenerative related diseases, such as Alzheimer Disease (AD), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and the like.
    Lp-PLA2-IN-14
  • HY-D1647
    7-Hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate
    7-Hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate is a cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) fluorogenic substrate. 7-Hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate can be used to monitor the enzymatic activity of cPLA2.
    7-Hydroxycoumarinyl-γ-linolenate
  • HY-106611
    Brinazarone
    		Inhibitor
    Brinazarone (SR 33287) is an inhibitor for acid lysosomal sphingomyelinase, and leads to cellular lipidosis. Brinazarone potentiates the cytotoxic effects of anti-Thy 1.2 AT15E RTA-IT on T2 cells and anti-CD5 T101 on CEM cells.
    Brinazarone
  • HY-P3906
    Melittin free acid
    		Activator
    Melittin free acid is a basic 26-amino-acid polypeptide, the major active ingredient of honeybee venom. Melittin free acid is an activator of phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Melittin free acid has broad-spectrum antifungal activity with MIC values of 0.4-60 μM. Melittin free acid hinders fungal growth by inducing cell apoptosis, repressing (1,3)-β-D-glucan synthase and participating in other pathways.
    Melittin free acid
  • HY-169254
    sPLA2 inhibitor 2
    		Inhibitor
    sPLA2 inhibitor 2 (compound 6a) is a sPLA2 inhibitor, with IC50 of 0.0475 μM. sPLA2 inhibitor 2 can be used in diabetes research.
    sPLA2 inhibitor 2
  • HY-19415B
    SB-435495 ditartrate
    		Inhibitor
    SB-435495 ditartrate is a potent, selective, reversible, non-covalent and orally active Lp-PLA2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.06 nM.
    SB-435495 ditartrate
  • HY-101579
    LY 178002
    		Antagonist
    LY 178002 is a potent inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LPO), phospholipase A2, with IC50 of 0.6 μM for 5-lipoxygenase, inhibits cellular production of LTB4 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and shows relatively weak inhibition on cyclooxygenase.
    LY 178002
  • HY-125157
    Me-Indoxam
    		Inhibitor
    Me-Indoxam is a potent and cell-impermeable secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) inhibitor.
    Me-Indoxam
  • HY-169262
    PLD-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    PLD-IN-1 (Compound 3r) is an orally active inhibitor for phospholipase D with an IC50 of 1.97 μM. PLD-IN-1 reduces the expression of CD24, CD47 and PD-L1, enhances the calreticulin expression, and thus modulates the immune evasion mechanism in lung cancer cells by promoting the phagocytosis of cancer cells by macrophages. PLD-IN-1 inhibits the cell viability of lung cancer cell A549, HCC44, H460 and HCC15 with IC50 of 18.44, 22.31, 24.85 and 21.45 μM, respectively. PLD-IN-1 can induce apoptosis and inhibits migration in cell A549. PLD-IN-1 enhances the level of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and decreases the level of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, exhibits antitumor efficacy in mouse model.
    PLD-IN-1
  • HY-138871
    cPLA2α-IN-derivative 1
    		Control
    cPLA2α-IN-derivative 1 is an inactive alcohol derivative of a highly potent Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) inhibitor.
    cPLA2α-IN-derivative 1
  • HY-155343
    A4333
    		Inhibitor
    A4333 is biotinylated compound of A3373 (HY-155342) that inhibits Phospholipase D1 (PLD1), but not PLD2. A4333 plays an important role in antitumor activity.
    A4333
  • HY-153561A
    Lp-PLA2-IN-16
    		Inhibitor
    Lp-PLA2-IN-16 (example 1) is a lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA 2) inhibitor, which can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, etc.
    Lp-PLA2-IN-16
  • HY-B0470R
    Neomycin (sulfate) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Neomycin (sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neomycin (sulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts antibacterial activity through irreversible binding of the nuclear 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby blocking bacterial protein synthesis. Neomycin sulfate is a known phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Neomycin sulfate potently inhibits both nuclear translocation of angiogenin and angiogenin-induced cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
    Neomycin (sulfate) (Standard)
  • HY-116018
    FKGK11
    		Inhibitor 99.00%
    FKGK11 is a potent and selective inhibitor of GVIA iPLA2 (Group VIA calcium-independent phospholipase A2). FKGK11 can be used for the research of ovarian cancer and neurological disorders such as peripheral nerve injury and multiple sclerosis.
    FKGK11
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Phospholipase Isoform Comparison

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