2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-18085R
    Quercetin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Quercetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quercetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid, is a stimulator of recombinant SIRT1 and also a PI3K inhibitor with IC50 of 2.4 μM, 3.0 μM and 5.4 μM for PI3K γ, PI3K δ and PI3K β, respectively.
    Quercetin (Standard)
  • HY-128784
    PK11007
    		Activator 98.73%
    PK11007 is a mild thiol alkylator with anticancer activity. PK11007 stabilizes p53 via selective alkylation of two surface-exposed cysteines without compromising its DNA binding activity. PK11007 induces mutant p53 cancer cell death by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.
    PK11007
  • HY-101449
    Adaptaquin
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    Adaptaquin is a BBB-penetrable HIF-PHDs inhibitor. Adaptaquin has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Adaptaquin can effectively inhibit lipid peroxidation, maintain mitochondrial function, and reduce neuronal death. Adaptaquin can be used in the research of nervous system diseases such as Parkinson's disease.
    Adaptaquin
  • HY-N5060
    Estragole
    		Inhibitor 99.21%
    Estragole (4-Allylanisole) is a relatively nontoxic volatile terpenoid ether and major component of the essential oil from many plants. Estragole significantly triggers Apoptosis, suppresses LPS-induced intracellular ROS production. Estragole activats Nrf-2 and regulates NF-κB. Estragole has anti-toxoplasma, anti-inflammatory, anti-edema, antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. Estragole blocks DRG neuron excitability. Estragole has improves gastric ulcer activity.
    Estragole
  • HY-N0513
    Loganic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Loganic acid is an iridoid isolated from cornelian cherry fruits. Loganic acid inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway, activates Nrf2 signaling pathway, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. Loganic acid can modulate diet-induced atherosclerosis and redox status. Loganic acid has strong free radical scavenging activity and remarkable cyto-protective effect against heavy metal mediated toxicity. Loganic acid is orally active.
    Loganic acid
  • HY-B0455
    Lomefloxacin hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.97%
    Lomefloxacin hydrochloride (NY-198 hydrochloride) is an orally active difluoroquinolone antibiotic. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride prevents DNA supercoiling and replication by inhibiting bacterial topoisomerase II. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride induces ROS production and Apoptosis. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride has anticancer effects against melanoma. Lomefloxacin hydrochloride can be used in the study of systemic bacterial infections (such as Salmonella typhimurium infections), skin and melanoma .
    Lomefloxacin hydrochloride
  • HY-D1078
    5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate
    5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is a cell permeant fluorescent indicator. 5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate can be used to assess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation within human neuronal-glial (HNG) cells in primary co-culture
    5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate
  • HY-B0739A
    Citicoline sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.
    Citicoline sodium
  • HY-N0501
    11-oxo-mogroside V
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    11-oxo-mogroside V is a natural sweetener that exhibits strong antioxidant activity. It exhibits significant inhibitory effects on reactive oxygen species (O2-, H2O2 and *OH) with EC50 of 4.79, 16.52, and 146.17 μg/mL, respectively.
    11-oxo-mogroside V
  • HY-B0093A
    Benazepril hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Benazepril (CGS14824A) hydrochloride is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to reduce angiotensin-II production. Benazepril hydrochloride inhibits oxidative stress and inhibits apoptosis by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In addition, Benazepril hydrochloride improves diabetic nephropathy and decreases proteinuria. Benazepril hydrochloride can be used in the study of hypertension, heart failure and diabetic nephropathy.
    Benazepril hydrochloride
  • HY-W006957
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine
    		Inducer 99.85%
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine inhibits NF-κB/Smad signaling pathway, exhibits anti-hyperglycemia, antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is orally active.
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine
  • HY-N0809
    Sesamolin
    		Inhibitor 99.78%
    Sesamolin, isolated from Sesamum indicum, has antioxidative activity, Sesamolin inhibits lipid peroxidation and shows neuroprotection effect. Sesamolinl potently inhibits MAPK cascades by preventing phosphorylation of JNK, p38 MAPKs, and caspase-3 but not ERK-MAPK expression. Sesamolin is orally active.
    Sesamolin
  • HY-14937
    Succinobucol
    		99.62%
    Succinobucol is a phenolic antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects.
    Succinobucol
  • HY-109110
    Avasopasem manganese
    Avasopasem manganese (GC4419; M-40419) is a potent superoxide dismutase mimetic that rapidly and specifically converts O2*- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), arresting the initiation of this cascade. Avasopasem manganese can be used for the research of severe oral mucositis (SOM) and cancer.
    Avasopasem manganese
  • HY-B0655
    Zofenopril calcium
    		99.76%
    Zofenopril Calcium (SQ26991) is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with antioxidant activity and cardioprotective effects. Zofenopril Calcium reduces ROS production and GSH consumption and helps inhibit foam cell formation, thus slowing the progression of atherosclerosis. Zofenopril Calcium prevents cardiac damage caused by chronic Doxorubicin (HY-15142A).
    Zofenopril calcium
  • HY-15673
    KP372-1
    		Activator 99.5%
    KP372-1 is an Akt inhibitor that inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis and anoikis. KP372-1 is also an NQO1 redox cycling agent that causes DNA damage (including DNA breakage) by generating ROS. KP372-1 can be used in cancer research (such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and pancreatic cancer).
    KP372-1
  • HY-N4247
    Kuwanon G
    		Inhibitor 99.52%
    Kuwanon G is a flavonoid compound and an antagonist of the bombesin receptor. Kuwanon G has multiple activities such as bactericidal, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-atherosclerotic, and neuroprotective effects. Kuwanon G exhibits strong antibacterial activity against oral pathogens, especially cariogenic bacteria and periodontal pathogens. Kuwanon G can induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells. Kuwanon G can be used in the research of diseases such as gastric cancer and atherosclerosis.
    Kuwanon G
  • HY-17644
    Redaporfin
    		99.44%
    Redaporfin (LUZ11) acts as a potent photosensitizer. Redaporfin causes direct antineoplastic effects as well as indirect immune-dependent destruction of malignant lesions.
    Redaporfin
  • HY-W020772
    Aminoguanidine hemisulfate
    		Inhibitor ≥99.0%
    Aminoguanidine hemisulfate is an inhibitor of NOS and ROS. Aminoguanidine hemisulfate abolishes ANE-induced ROS production in vitro. Aminoguanidine hemisulfate is used for cancer research.
    Aminoguanidine hemisulfate
  • HY-111806
    3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone
    		Inhibitor 99.44%
    3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone (5-Deoxykampferol) is a flavonoid compound that can be isolated from the stems of Rhus javanica var. roxburghiana. 3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone has the effect of cleaving DNA in the presence of copper ions. 3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone also has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and can scavenge various reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).
    3,7,4'-Trihydroxyflavone
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity