2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

PDF 4.04 MB

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-D1078
    5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate
    5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is a cell permeant fluorescent indicator. 5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate can be used to assess reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation within human neuronal-glial (HNG) cells in primary co-culture
    5(6)-Carboxy-2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate
  • HY-130413
    Protectin D1
    		Inhibitor 99.10%
    Protectin D1, a neuroprotectin D1 produced by neuronal cells, is a member of a newly discovered family of bioactive products derived from docosahexaenoic acid. Protectin D1 also serves as a specialized pro-resolving mediator, exhibiting effective in vivo pro-resolving activity in various human disease models. Additionally, Protectin D1 is an inhibitor of NALP3 inflammasomes and regulates the PI3K/AKT and HIF-1α signaling pathways. Protectin D1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting the expression of NALP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, and consequently decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Furthermore, Protectin D1 enhances miRNA-210 expression, activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and exerts cardioprotective effects. Protectin D1 holds promise for research in cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory disorders.
    Protectin D1
  • HY-N1354
    Reynoutrin
    Reynoutrin (Quercetin-3-D-xyloside) is a flavonoid from Psidium cattleianum, with antioxidant and radical-scavenging activity.
    Reynoutrin
  • HY-B1425
    Ethoxyquin
    		98.76%
    Ethoxyquin is an antioxidant which has been used in animal feed for many years and also an inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90).
    Ethoxyquin
  • HY-109110
    Avasopasem manganese
    Avasopasem manganese (GC4419; M-40419) is a potent superoxide dismutase mimetic that rapidly and specifically converts O2*- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), arresting the initiation of this cascade. Avasopasem manganese can be used for the research of severe oral mucositis (SOM) and cancer.
    Avasopasem manganese
  • HY-128784
    PK11007
    		Activator 98.73%
    PK11007 is a mild thiol alkylator with anticancer activity. PK11007 stabilizes p53 via selective alkylation of two surface-exposed cysteines without compromising its DNA binding activity. PK11007 induces mutant p53 cancer cell death by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.
    PK11007
  • HY-16992A
    W-54011
    		Inhibitor 99.57%
    W-54011 is a potent and orally active non-peptide C5a receptor antagonist. W-54011 inhibits the binding of 125I-labeled C5a to human neutrophils with a Ki value of 2.2 nM. W-54011 also inhibits C5a-induced intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, chemotaxis, and generation of ROS in human neutrophils with IC50s of 3.1 nM, 2.7 nM, and 1.6 nM, respectively.
    W-54011
  • HY-B1199
    Nialamide
    		Modulator
    Nialamide is a non-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor. Nialamide inhibits MAO and regulates ROS production. Nialamide induces hyperkinesis in animals, enhances the anticonvulsant effect of Diphenylhydantoin in mice, increases rectal temperature, and enhances the pressor effect of Norepinephrine. Nialamide can be used in the research of depression, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and hypertension.
    Nialamide
  • HY-N0513
    Loganic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.05%
    Loganic acid is an iridoid isolated from cornelian cherry fruits. Loganic acid inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway, activates Nrf2 signaling pathway, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity. Loganic acid can modulate diet-induced atherosclerosis and redox status. Loganic acid has strong free radical scavenging activity and remarkable cyto-protective effect against heavy metal mediated toxicity. Loganic acid is orally active.
    Loganic acid
  • HY-W011370
    Pelargonidin chloride
    		Inhibitor 99.10%
    Pelargonidin chloride is an anthocyanidin and also is a scavenger of nitric oxide radical and has antioxidant activities. Pelargonidin inhibits cell viability and induces cell cycle arrest at sub-G1 phase. Pelargonidin chloride increases the mRNA and protein expression of HO-1, NQO1, Nrf2. Pelargonidin chloride improves Aβ-induced memory and learning impairment.
    Pelargonidin chloride
  • HY-N1181
    Tamarixetin
    		Inhibitor 98.80%
    Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) is an orally active natural flavonoid derivative of quercetin and caseinolytic protease p (ClpP) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects. Tamarixetin inhibits the hydrolytic activity of ClpP to the fluorescent substrate Suc-LY-AMC with an IC50 of 49.73 μM, which can be used for the study of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Tamarixetin inhibits tumor cell growth, induces apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Tamarixetin prevents cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the NFAT and AKT pathways.
    Tamarixetin
  • HY-132989
    Mal-Deferoxamine
    		Inhibitor
    Mal-Deferoxamine is a maleamide (Mal)-containing Deferoxamine (HY-B1625). Mal selectively covalently binds to sulfur groups to produce a linking reaction. Mal-Deferoxamine can be combined with radionuclides to synthesize radionuclide drug conjugates (RDCs). RDCs have the ability to specifically target biomolecules and can be used in medical imaging or therapy..
    Mal-Deferoxamine
  • HY-N4170
    Chebulic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Chebulic acid is a phenolic acid compound isolated from Terminalia chebula with strong antioxidant activity, which breaks protein cross-links induced by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and inhibits the formation of AGEs. Chebulic acid is effective in controlling elevated metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and liver damage, supporting its beneficial role in asthma, diabetes, and liver protection.
    Chebulic acid
  • HY-N0353
    Curdione
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Curdione ((+)-Curdione) is an orally active sesquiterpenoid. Curdione inhibits platelet aggregation. Curdione induces ferroptosis in colorectal cancer via m6A methylation mediated by METTL14 and YTHDF2. Curdione inhibits ferroptosis in Isoproterenol (HY-B0468)-induced myocardial infarction by regulating the Keap1/Trx1/GPX4 signaling pathway, suppressing oxidative stress (ROS) and apoptosis. Curdione ameliorates Doxorubicin (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting oxidative stress (ROS) and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Curdione ameliorates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting platelet-mediated neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Curdione ameliorates Bleomycin (HY-17565A)-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. Curdione exhibits neuroprotective effects against focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Curdione exerts antiproliferative effects against human uterine leiomyosarcoma by targeting IDO1. Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis by regulating DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation. Curdione inhibits inducible prostaglandin E2 production (IC50 = 1.1 μM) and cyclooxygenase 2 expression.
    Curdione
  • HY-145237
    BM213
    		Inducer 99.81%
    BM213 is a selective C5aR agonist, with an EC50 of 59 nM. BM213 specifically activates the C5a-C5aR1 axis, which in turn promotes neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and exacerbates inflammatory responses. BM213 significantly induces ventricular dilationin, promotes myocardial ROS production, and induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats. BM213 can be used for the study of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.
    BM213
  • HY-N0726
    Dracorhodin perchlorate
    		Activator 99.02%
    Dracorhodin perchlorate (Dracohodin perochlorate) is a natural product that can be obtained from the natural active molecule Dragon's blood. Dracorhodin perchlorate inhibits PI3K/Akt and NF-κB activation, upregulates p53 expression, activates caspase, produces ROS, and promotes Apoptosis. Dracorhodin perchlorate regulates the TLR4. Dracorhodin perchlorate promotes wound healing, improves diabetes. Dracorhodin perchlorate has anti-tumor activity against prostate cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer and other cancers.
    Dracorhodin perchlorate
  • HY-117049
    Leucettine L41
    		Inhibitor 98.98%
    Leucettine L41 is a potent inhibitor of dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) and CDC-like kinases (CLKs). Leucettine L41 can also inhibit GSK-3 singnaling. Leucettine L41 can inhibit cell apoptosis and ROS production. Leucettine L41 can promote β-cell cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and increase insulin secretion. Leucettine L41 can be used for the researches of neurological disease and metabolic disease, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and diabetes.
    Leucettine L41
  • HY-108894
    Ferumoxytol
    		Inducer
    Ferumoxytol is an iron oxide nanoparticle. Ferumoxytol has anti-leukemic activity, especially against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with low iron transporter protein (FPN) expression. Ferumoxytol increases intracellular iron content, triggers the Fenton reaction, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), leads to oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Ferumoxytol can selectively kill leukemic cells with low FPN expression while avoiding toxicity to normal cells. Ferumoxytol can be used to study leukemias with targeted iron metabolism abnormalities.
    Ferumoxytol
  • HY-128741
    D-Allose
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    D-Allose exhibits antitumor activity against various cancer cells. D-Allose scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduces oxidative stress damage. D-Allose exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective through inhibition of TLR4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. D-Allose exhibits antihypertensive, cryoprotective, and anti-osteoporotic activities.
    D-Allose
  • HY-B0847
    Propiconazole
    		Activator 99.92%
    Propiconazole is an orally active N-substituted triazole used as a fungicide. Propiconazole is a mouse liver hepatotoxicant and a hepatocarcinogen that has adverse reproductive and developmental toxicities in experimental animals.
    Propiconazole
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity