2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  3. RAR/RXR
  4. β-Apo-13-carotenone

β-Apo-13-carotenone  (Synonyms: D'Orenone)

Cat. No.: HY-101953 Purity: ≥96.0%
COA Handling Instructions

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β-Apo-13-carotenone (D'Orenone) is a naturally occurring β-apocarotenoid functioned as an antagonist of RXRα.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

β-Apo-13-carotenone Chemical Structure

β-Apo-13-carotenone Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 17974-57-1

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of β-Apo-13-carotenone:

β-Apo-13-carotenone Related Antibodies

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

β-Apo-13-carotenone (D'Orenone) is a naturally occurring β-apocarotenoid functioned as an antagonist of RXRα.

In Vitro

β-apo-13-Carotenone is identified as enzymatic cleavage products of β-carotene in homogenates of intestinal mucosa of rat. β-apo-13-carotenone is found to antagonize the activation of RXRα by 9-cis-retinoic acid and is effective at concentrations as low as 1nM. Molecular modeling studies reveal that β-apo-13-carotenone makes molecular interactions like an antagonist of RXRα[1]. β-apo-13-carotenone competes for 9cRA binding to RXRα with an affinity (7–8 nM) identical to 9cRA itself. β-apo-13-carotenone antagonizes 9cRA activation of full-length hRXRα with a similar efficiency as the known antagonist UVI3003. β-apo-13-carotenone induces formation of the RXRα transcriptionally silent tetramer but does not inhibit coactivator recruitment to the isolated LBD[2]. The uptake and/or metabolism of β-apo-13-carotenone does not allow for accumulation of these β-carotene metabolites in cells. 3T3-L1 adipocyte marker gene expression is induced by β-apo-carotenoid treatment[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

β-Apo-13-carotenone Related Antibodies
Molecular Weight

258.40

Formula

C18H26O
CAS No.
Appearance

Oil

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

CC(/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)=O
Shipping

Shipping with dry ice.
Storage

-80°C, protect from light
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 110 mg/mL (425.70 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.8700 mL 19.3498 mL 38.6997 mL
5 mM 0.7740 mL 3.8700 mL 7.7399 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: 2.75 mg/mL (10.64 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

    This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.75 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (27.5 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.67 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 96.50%

COA (244 KB) HNMR (114 KB) LCMS (127 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
Kinase Assay
[1]

Cos-1 cells are transfected in serum-free medium with three plasmids mixed in the following amounts per well, 0.05 µg of pRL-TK, 2 µg of pRXRE-luciferase, 2.5 µg of pSG5-RXRα in triplicates. Following transfection, the plates are incubated at 37°C in 5 % CO2 for 4 h. The medium is then changed to complete DMEM. Charcoal stripped FBS has been treated with activated carbon to adsorb lipophilic compounds including retinoids. Twenty hours after transfection, cells are treated with test compounds (β-Apo-13-carotenone) that are dissolved in ethanol or 0.1% ethanol alone for an additional 24 h. Cells are washed once with PBS and lysed by incubation with 500 µL passive lysis buffer for 15 min at room temperature. A 20-µL aliquot of cell lysate is then assayed for luciferase activities using a kit[1].

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 3.8700 mL 19.3498 mL 38.6997 mL 96.7492 mL
5 mM 0.7740 mL 3.8700 mL 7.7399 mL 19.3498 mL
10 mM 0.3870 mL 1.9350 mL 3.8700 mL 9.6749 mL
15 mM 0.2580 mL 1.2900 mL 2.5800 mL 6.4499 mL
20 mM 0.1935 mL 0.9675 mL 1.9350 mL 4.8375 mL
25 mM 0.1548 mL 0.7740 mL 1.5480 mL 3.8700 mL
30 mM 0.1290 mL 0.6450 mL 1.2900 mL 3.2250 mL
40 mM 0.0967 mL 0.4837 mL 0.9675 mL 2.4187 mL
50 mM 0.0774 mL 0.3870 mL 0.7740 mL 1.9350 mL
60 mM 0.0645 mL 0.3225 mL 0.6450 mL 1.6125 mL
80 mM 0.0484 mL 0.2419 mL 0.4837 mL 1.2094 mL
100 mM 0.0387 mL 0.1935 mL 0.3870 mL 0.9675 mL
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β-Apo-13-carotenone Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

β-Apo-13-carotenone17974-57-1D'OrenoneRAR/RXRRetinoic acid receptorsRetinoid X receptorsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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