2. Apoptosis
  3. Apoptosis
  4. ar-Turmerone

ar-Turmerone  (Synonyms: (+)-ar-Turmerone)

Cat. No.: HY-N6703 Purity: 98.52%
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ar-Turmerone ((+)-ar-Turmerone) is an orally active and major bioactive compound of the herb Curcuma longa with anti-tumorigenesis and anti-inflammatory activities. ar-Turmerone induces apoptosis in U937 cells. ar-Turmerone exerts positive modulation on murine DCs. ar-Turmerone induces NSC proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and can be used for various neurologic disorders study.

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ar-Turmerone Chemical Structure

ar-Turmerone Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 532-65-0

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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ar-Turmerone Related Antibodies

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Description

ar-Turmerone ((+)-ar-Turmerone) is an orally active and major bioactive compound of the herb Curcuma longa with anti-tumorigenesis and anti-inflammatory activities. ar-Turmerone induces apoptosis in U937 cells. ar-Turmerone exerts positive modulation on murine DCs. ar-Turmerone induces NSC proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and can be used for various neurologic disorders study[1][2][3][4][5].

In Vitro

ar-Turmerone (3.125-160 μg/mL, 24 or 48 h) inhibits cell viability in cancer cells[2][3].
ar-Turmerone (5-15μg/mL, 72 or 24 h) exhibits stimulating effects on PBMC proliferation and cytokine production[2].
ar-Turmerone (40-160 μg/mL, 48 h) induces apoptosis on U937 cells may involve caspase-3 activation through the induction of Bax and p53[3].
ar-Turmerone (1.5625-400 µg/mL, 24-96 h) increases the production of IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), promotes phenotypic and functional maturation in murine dendritic cells (DCs)[4].
ar-Turmerone (1.56-25 μg/mL, 72 h) increases fetal rat neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation in vitro[5].
ar-Turmerone (6.25 μg/mL, 10 days) increases fetal rat NSC neurogenesis in vitro[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

ar-Turmerone Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: HepG2, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Hs-68 (human skin fibroblast cell line)
Concentration: 3.125-100 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 48 h
Result: Showed anti-proliferative activities in HepG2, MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
Did not show significant suppression on the proliferation of Hs-68.

Cell Proliferation Assay[2]

Cell Line: PBMC (human peripheral blood mononuclear cells)
Concentration: 5, 10, 15 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 72 h or 24 h
Result: Significantly stimulate the proliferation of PHA-activated PBMC.
Did not alter the proliferative response of resting PBMC (without mitogen).
Increased TNF-α production at 10 and 15 μg/ml in PHA-activated PBMC.
Significantly increased TNF-α, IL-2 and IFN-γ productions in resting PBMC.

Apoptosis Analysis[3]

Cell Line: U937 cells
Concentration: 40, 80, 120, 160 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 24 or 48 h
Result: Showed a dose dependent inhibitory effect in U937 cell proliferation.
The viability was inhibited 61, 68, 81 and 84% at 40, 80, 120 and 160 μg/mL for 48 h incubation, respectively. Induced clear apoptosis in U937 cells in the range of 80-160 μg/mL.

RT-PCR[3]

Cell Line: U937 cells
Concentration: 40, 80, 120, 160 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 48 h
Result: Did not affect the levels of Bcl-2 mRNA.
The levels of Bax mRNA were significantly induced in a concentration-dependent manner.
The levels of the mRNA of p21 remained unchanged, but the mRNA levels of p53 were significantly increased.

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: U937 cells
Concentration: 40, 80, 120, 160 μg/mL
Incubation Time: 48 h
Result: Did not affect the levels of Bcl-2 protein.
The levels of Bax protein were significantly induced in a concentration-dependent manner.
The levels of the protein of p21 remained unchanged, but the protein levels of p53 were significantly increased.
In Vivo

ar-Turmerone (100 mg/kg; p.o.; daily for 14 days) protects hippocampal and cortical neurons by downregulating the neuroinflammatory response, thereby alleviating spatial memory impairment in mice[5].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Repeated intraperitoneal injections of Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (HY-D1056) in C57BL/6 mice. [5]
Dosage: 100 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage (p.o.); daily for 14 days
Result: Mitigated the impairment of spatial learning and reference memory in mice.
Reversed the effect of LPS induced TNF-α and IL-1βin hippocampal and cortex.
The number of normal neurons and morphological characteristics were partially restored.
Increased neuronal survival in both the hippocampus and cortex.
Molecular Weight

216.32

Formula

C15H20O
CAS No.
Appearance

Liquid (Density: 0.945 g/cm3)

Color

Colorless to light yellow

SMILES

CC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@H](CC(/C=C(C)\C)=O)C
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Pure form -20°C 3 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

Ethanol : 50 mg/mL (231.14 mM; Need ultrasonic)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.6228 mL 23.1139 mL 46.2278 mL
5 mM 0.9246 mL 4.6228 mL 9.2456 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% EtOH    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 0.62 mg/mL (2.87 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.62 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (6.2 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% EtOH    90% Corn Oil

    Solubility: ≥ 0.62 mg/mL (2.87 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 0.62 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (6.2 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

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(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.52%

SDS (537 KB)

COA (244 KB) RP-HPLC (418 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
Ethanol 1 mM 4.6228 mL 23.1139 mL 46.2278 mL 115.5695 mL
5 mM 0.9246 mL 4.6228 mL 9.2456 mL 23.1139 mL
10 mM 0.4623 mL 2.3114 mL 4.6228 mL 11.5570 mL
15 mM 0.3082 mL 1.5409 mL 3.0819 mL 7.7046 mL
20 mM 0.2311 mL 1.1557 mL 2.3114 mL 5.7785 mL
25 mM 0.1849 mL 0.9246 mL 1.8491 mL 4.6228 mL
30 mM 0.1541 mL 0.7705 mL 1.5409 mL 3.8523 mL
40 mM 0.1156 mL 0.5778 mL 1.1557 mL 2.8892 mL
50 mM 0.0925 mL 0.4623 mL 0.9246 mL 2.3114 mL
60 mM 0.0770 mL 0.3852 mL 0.7705 mL 1.9262 mL
80 mM 0.0578 mL 0.2889 mL 0.5778 mL 1.4446 mL
100 mM 0.0462 mL 0.2311 mL 0.4623 mL 1.1557 mL
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ar-Turmerone Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

ar-Turmerone532-65-0(+)-ar-TurmeroneApoptosisCurcuma longaanti-tumorigenesisanti-inflammatoryneurologicU937 cellsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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