1. NF-κB Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Apoptosis
  2. NF-κB PERK Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis
  3. Carbocisteine

Carbocisteine  (Synonyms: Carbocysteine)

Cat. No.: HY-D0205A Purity: ≥98.0%
Data Sheet Handling Instructions Technical Support

Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.

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Carbocisteine Chemical Structure

Carbocisteine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 638-23-3

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Description

Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].

In Vitro

Carbocisteine (10-1000 μM, 24 h) attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced inflammatory injury in A549 cells via NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK pathways[4].
Carbocisteine (L-Carbocisteine, 10 μM, from 3 days before infection) shows inhibitory effects on type A seasonal influenza virus infection in human airway epithelial cells[5].
Carbocisteine (L-carbocisteine, 10 μM, 72 h) inhibits oxidant-induced apoptosis in cultured human airway epithelial cells[12].
Carbocisteine (10-1000 μM, 24 h) attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation in human alveolar epithelial cells in vitro through suppressing NF-κB and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways[13].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Carbocisteine (100 mg/kg, oral gavage, twice daily from 1 day before CS exposure until the end of the experiment) reduces virus-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice exposed to cigarette smoke[2].
. Carbocisteine (100 mg/kg, p.o.) promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by alveolar macrophages in BALB/c mice[3].
. Carbocisteine (125-250 mg/kg/d, gavage, once a week for 3 weeks) protects against emphysema induced by cigarette smoke extract in rats[6].
Carbocisteine (500 mg/kg/day, p.o., in two divided doses, 2 days) inhibits oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and apoptosis in acetic acid-induced UC by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay in rats[7].
Carbocisteine (112.5-225 mg/kg/d, gavage, 12 weeks) inhibits the expression of Muc5b in COPD mouse model[8].
Carbocisteine (300 mg/kg, i.g., once every day for the last 6 weeks) ameliorates steroid resistance in rat COPD model[9].
Carbocisteine (250 mg/kg ×2/day, p.o., 25 days) inhibits the changes in these enzyme (fucosidase, sialidase, fucosyltransferase and sialyltransferase) activities and the expressions of Muc5ac mRNA and protein in the lungin SO2-exposed rats[10].
Carbocysteine (300 mg/kg, p.o., every day both from week 6 to week 12 of smoke exposure) restores steroid sensitivity by targeting histone deacetylase 2 in a thiol/GSH-dependent manner in rats[11].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
NCT NumberSponsorConditionStart DatePhase
NCT04140214Belfast Health and Social Care Trust|Queen´s University, Belfast
Bronchiectasis
June 27, 2018Phase 3
NCT01968434Clalit Health Services|Aboca Spa Societa´ Agricola
Cough|Upper Respiratory Tract Infection
December 2013Phase 4
NCT02015598Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
December 2013Not Applicable
Molecular Weight

179.19

Formula

C5H9NO4S

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

N[C@@H](CSCC(O)=O)C(O)=O

Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 2 mg/mL (11.16 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 5.5807 mL 27.9033 mL 55.8067 mL
5 mM 1.1161 mL 5.5807 mL 11.1613 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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C2

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In Vivo:

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 2 mg/mL (11.16 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
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g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
H2O 1 mM 5.5807 mL 27.9033 mL 55.8067 mL 139.5167 mL
5 mM 1.1161 mL 5.5807 mL 11.1613 mL 27.9033 mL
10 mM 0.5581 mL 2.7903 mL 5.5807 mL 13.9517 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Carbocisteine
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