1. Immunology/Inflammation
  2. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) COX
  3. Iguratimod

Iguratimod is an antirheumatic agent, acts as an inhibitor of COX-2, with an IC50 of 20 μM (7.7 μg/mL), but shows no effect on COX-1. Iguratimod also inhibits macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with an IC50 of 6.81 μM.

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Iguratimod Chemical Structure

Iguratimod Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 123663-49-0

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Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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USD 61 In-stock
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 61 In-stock
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5 mg USD 55 In-stock
10 mg USD 77 In-stock
50 mg USD 275 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 7 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Iguratimod:

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Iguratimod purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Nov;119:109455.  [Abstract]

    Effects of T-614 on pro-inflammatory cytokines in SAP in mice. Con, control group; SAP, cerulein plus LPS group; T-614, SAP and Iguratimod treatment group. Serum IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β expression were measured by ELISA in three different groups. IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA levels in pancreatic tissue are detected by real-time PCR.

    Iguratimod purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Nov;119:109455.  [Abstract]

    Effects of T-614 on COX2 expression in pancreas. Con, control group; SAP, cerulein plus LPS group; T-614, SAP and Iguratimod treatment group. COX-2 level by western blotting. COX2 protein relative to GAPDH level.

    Iguratimod purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomed Pharmacother. 2019 Nov;119:109455.  [Abstract]

    Effects of T-614 on NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 pathway in SAP in mice. The immunohistochemical detection of p-p65 and NLRP3 in the pancreas tissues.

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    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Iguratimod is an antirheumatic agent, acts as an inhibitor of COX-2, with an IC50 of 20 μM (7.7 μg/mL), but shows no effect on COX-1. Iguratimod also inhibits macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with an IC50 of 6.81 μM.

    IC50 & Target[1][3]

    COX-2

    20 μM (IC50)

    MIF

    6.81 μM (IC50)

    In Vitro

    Iguratimod (T-614) is an antirheumatic agent, acts as an inhibitor of COX-2, with an IC50 of 20 μM (7.7 μg/mL), but shows no effect on COX-1. Iguratimod (0.1, 1, 10 μg/mL) inhibits bradykinin-stimulated PGE2 release from fibroblasts. Iguratimod suppresses the COX activity from bradykinin stimulated fibroblasts in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 48 μg/mL. Iguratimod (10 and 30 μg/mL) also dose-dependently inhibits COX-2 mRNA levels[1]. In addition, Iguratimod potently inhibits macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with an IC50 of 6.81 μM. Iguratimod is synergetic with glucocorticoids in vitro[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    In Vivo

    Iguratimod (5 or 20 mg/kg) shows analgesic effect, significantly improves the pain withdrawal threshold of the left hind paw in dose-dependent manner in rats. Iguratimod (5 or 20 mg/kg) reduces the elevation of pERK1/2 and c-Fos in the spinal cord induced by cancer cell inoculation. Iguratimod also dose-dependently decreases the IL-6 levels in rats. In Iguratimod-treated rats, the activity of osteoclasts is weaker than the control group[2]. Iguratimod (20 mg/kg i.p.) shows significantly increased survival in BALB/c mice that are vulnerable to endotoxemia, and attenuates TNFα release measured in serum isolated 90 min post-LPS administration in wild-type C57BL/6 mice[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Clinical Trial
    Molecular Weight

    374.37

    Formula

    C17H14N2O6S

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1C2=CC(OC3=CC=CC=C3)=C(C=C2OC=C1NC([H])=O)NS(=O)(C)=O

    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 33.33 mg/mL (89.03 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.6712 mL 13.3558 mL 26.7115 mL
    5 mM 0.5342 mL 2.6712 mL 5.3423 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
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    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

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    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

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    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (6.68 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.93%

    References
    Cell Assay
    [3]

    Briefly, human Raji B cells are plated at a density of 0.5 × 104 cells/well in a 96-well plate and synchronized by incubation for 24 h in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 0.1-0.5% FBS. Synchronized cells are pretreated with Iguratimod or vehicle for 30 min prior to stimulation with macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) for 24 h. At 20 h BrdU is added to cells and quantified using a BrdU Cell proliferation assay kit[3].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Administration
    [3]

    Mice[3]
    Endotoxemia is induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS from E. coli O111:B4. In BALB/c animals, 5 mg/kg LPS is used as a lethal dose for survival experiments; animals are treated with Iguratimod (20 mg/kg i.p.) 0.5 h prior to LPS, 6 h after LPS, and then once daily for 3 days and monitored for survival over 2 weeks. In C57BL/6 animals, 20 mg/kg LPS is used as non-lethal dose for plasma cytokine experiments; animals are pretreated with Iguratimod (20 mg/kg i.p.) twice, one dose each at 2 and 0.5 h prior to LPS administration, and euthanized at 90 min post-LPS by CO2 asphyxiation with cervical dislocation. Blood is collected by cardiac puncture and allowed to clot 20 min at room temperature and 20 min at 4°C; sera are isolated by centrifugation at 300 × g for 10 min and stored at −20°C for further analysis by TNFα ELISA (1:3 dilution)[3].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.6712 mL 13.3558 mL 26.7115 mL 66.7789 mL
    5 mM 0.5342 mL 2.6712 mL 5.3423 mL 13.3558 mL
    10 mM 0.2671 mL 1.3356 mL 2.6712 mL 6.6779 mL
    15 mM 0.1781 mL 0.8904 mL 1.7808 mL 4.4519 mL
    20 mM 0.1336 mL 0.6678 mL 1.3356 mL 3.3389 mL
    25 mM 0.1068 mL 0.5342 mL 1.0685 mL 2.6712 mL
    30 mM 0.0890 mL 0.4452 mL 0.8904 mL 2.2260 mL
    40 mM 0.0668 mL 0.3339 mL 0.6678 mL 1.6695 mL
    50 mM 0.0534 mL 0.2671 mL 0.5342 mL 1.3356 mL
    60 mM 0.0445 mL 0.2226 mL 0.4452 mL 1.1130 mL
    80 mM 0.0334 mL 0.1669 mL 0.3339 mL 0.8347 mL
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      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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