2. Anti-infection NF-κB Apoptosis
  3. Fungal IKK NF-κB Apoptosis
  4. Malachite green hemioxalate

Malachite green hemioxalate  (Synonyms: MCCK1)

Cat. No.: HY-D0162 Purity: ≥98.0%
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Malachite green hemioxalate (MCCK1) is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antibacterial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, insertion into DNA and/or interaction with cell membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Malachite green hemioxalate Chemical Structure

Malachite green hemioxalate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 2437-29-8

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Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Malachite green hemioxalate:

Malachite green hemioxalate Related Antibodies

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1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Malachite green hemioxalate

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Description

Malachite green hemioxalate (MCCK1) is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antibacterial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, insertion into DNA and/or interaction with cell membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

IKBKE[3]
In Vitro

Malachite green hemioxalate (5 μM; treated for 12 h) inhibits the growth of pCMV-3B-Myc-IKBKE stably transfected NIH3T3 cells, while having no significant effect on pCMV-3B transfected NIH3T3 cells[13,14,25].
Malachite green hemioxalate (2-5 μM) can effectively inhibit the phosphorylation of MBP by IKBKE in a dose-dependent manner in an in vitro kinase assay using MBP as a substrate[2].
Malachite green hemioxalate (2.5 μM; treated for 2 h) significantly reduces the luciferase activities of NF-κB and IFN-β reporter genes in HEK293 cells transfected with reporter plasmids fused with NF-κB and IFN-β promoters and the luciferase gene[2].
Malachite green hemioxalate (0.1-2.5 μM; treated for 2 h) significantly decreases the activation/phosphorylation levels of p65, IκBα, and IRF3 in a dose-dependent manner in HeLa cells expressing myc - tagged IKBKE[2].
Malachite green hemioxalate (1-5 μM; treated for 72 h) has a significant inhibitory effect on cell lines with high IKBKE expression, resulting in a low cell viability, while having a weak inhibitory effect on cell lines with low IKBKE expression, resulting in a high cell viability in various cancer cell lines including breast, ovarian, lung, and colorectal cancer cell lines[2].
Malachite green hemioxalate (5 μM; treated for 48 h) shows that cell lines with high IKBKE expression have a higher apoptosis rate and a higher level of cleaved PARP in various cancer cell lines including breast, ovarian, lung, and colorectal cancer cell lines through Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and WB detection[2].
The crystal of Malachite green hemioxalate is vivid shiny emerald green and the solution is a similar colour at pH 2. The colour changes with increasing pH to blue and above pH 6 the leucoform precipitates. This colour change has been used in the colorimetric determination of phosphates. If living tissue is added immediately there is no precipitation even through the pH remains neutral, and the solution is stable for at least 24 h[1].
The leaves of ryegrass[1]
1. Sections are cut from fresh leaf tissue with a hand-held razor blade and fixed in 1% glutaraldehyde with 0.1% Malachite green hemioxalate for 30 min. The sections are then infiltrated with 1% osmium tetroxide for 10 min, washed and mounted in water.
2. Sections from fresh leaf tissue are stained with a saturated solution of Sudan B Black in 70% ethanol for 5 min, washed in 70% ethanol and mounted in glycerol.
Sections are viewed with a X100 oil planapochromatic objective and X6.3 eyepiece.
Observation with an optical microscope.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Malachite green hemioxalate Related Antibodies

Cell Viability Assay[2]

Cell Line: Breast cancer cell lines (BT474, MCF7, MDA-231, MDA-435, MDA-468, T47D), Colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, HT29), Lung cancer cell lines (A549, H292, H1299, H1703, H4006), Ovarian cancer cell lines (OVCAR3, OVCAR 2008), HEK293, HeLa cells
Concentration: 1 μM, 2 μM, 2.5 μM, 5 μM
Incubation Time: 72 h
Result: Cell lines with high IKBKE expression (such as MDA-468, HT29, OVCAR3) had a significantly lower viability compared to cell lines with low IKBKE expression (such as HCT116, OV2008).

Apoptosis Analysis[2]

Cell Line: MDA-468, HT29, OVCAR3, MCF7, HCT116, OV2008 cells Cell lines with high IKBKE expression showed a higher apoptosis rate.
Concentration: 5 μM
Incubation Time: 48 h
Result: Cell lines with high IKBKE expression (such as MDA-468, HT29, OVCAR3) had a significantly lower viability compared to cell lines with low IKBKE expression (such as HCT116, OV2008).

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: MDA-468, HT29, OVCAR3, MCF7, HCT116, OV2008 cells Cell lines with high IKBKE expression showed a higher apoptosis rate.
Concentration: 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 2.5 μM
Incubation Time: 2 h
Result: Decreased the phosphorylation levels of p65, IκBα, and IRF3 in HeLa cells expressing myc-tagged IKBKE.
In Vivo

Malachite green hemioxalate (MCCK1) (10 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; every other day; 6 weeks) significantly inhibits the growth of tumors derived from cancer cells with high IKBKE expression, while having no significant inhibitory effect on the growth of tumors derived from cancer cells with low IKBKE expression in NOD/SCID nude mouse models inoculated with human colon cancer cells or ovarian cancer cells[2].
Female and male B6C3F1 mice and Fischer 344 rats are fed up to 1200 ppm Malachite green hemioxalate for 28 days to determine the toxicity and metabolism of the dyes. Hepatocyte vacuolization is present in rats administered Malachite green hemioxalate. Malachite green hemioxalate is metabolized to primary and secondary arylamines in the tissues of rodentse for the adverse effects associated with exposure to malachite green[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: 8-week-old NOD/SCID mice, tumor cells (Colon cancer (IKBKE-high HT29 and IKBKE-low HCT116) and ovary cancer (IKBKE-high OVCAR3 and IKBKE-low OV2008) cells) were mixed in Matrigel and injected subcutaneously or intracranially[2]
Dosage: 10 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection, every other day for 6 weeks
Result: Significantly inhibits the growth of tumors derived from cancer cells with high IKBKE expression, while having no significant inhibitory effect on the growth of tumors derived from cancer cells with low IKBKE expression.
Significantly promoted apoptosis of IKBKE-high xenograft tumor cells, as indicated by increased TUNEL-positive cells and higher expression of Caspase-3, and also suppressed the proliferation of these cells.
Molecular Weight

463.50

Formula

C23H25N2.1/2C2H2O4.C2HO4
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Green to dark green

SMILES

C/[N+](C)=C1C=C/C(C=C/1)=C(C2=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C2)\C3=CC=CC=C3.O=C(O)C([O-])=O.O=C(O)C(O)=O.[1/2]
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : ≥ 10 mg/mL (21.57 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.1575 mL 10.7875 mL 21.5750 mL
5 mM 0.4315 mL 2.1575 mL 4.3150 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

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Volume (start)

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C2

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V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.39 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.39 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
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%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: ≥98.0%

SDS (889 KB)

COA (250 KB) HNMR (280 KB) MS (192 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light, stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.1575 mL 10.7875 mL 21.5750 mL 53.9374 mL
5 mM 0.4315 mL 2.1575 mL 4.3150 mL 10.7875 mL
10 mM 0.2157 mL 1.0787 mL 2.1575 mL 5.3937 mL
15 mM 0.1438 mL 0.7192 mL 1.4383 mL 3.5958 mL
20 mM 0.1079 mL 0.5394 mL 1.0787 mL 2.6969 mL
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Malachite green hemioxalate Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Malachite green hemioxalate2437-29-8MCCK1MCCK 1MCCK-1FungalIKKNF-κBApoptosisIκB kinaseI kappa B kinase Nuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBphosphateenzymaticIKBKEIκBαp65IRF3antitumorInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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