2. Recombinant Proteins
  3. Cytokines and Growth Factors
  4. TNF Superfamily
  5. TNF Superfamily Ligands
  6. GITRL/AITRL

GITRL/AITRL

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GITRL (AITRL), a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). GITR, a member of the TNFR superfamily, is expressed in T cells, natural killer cells and some myeloid cells. And GITRL is mainly expressed on antigen presenting cells (B cells, dendritic cells), macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs). GITR/GITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases[1]. When GITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. The interaction stimulates proliferation and cytokine production of both CD4+ Teff and Treg cells, and drives antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells[2]. Besides, GITRL plays a role in EC-activation and promotes adhesion in both mice and humans, which increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the augmented expression of adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1[3]. Human GITRL shares < 55% common aa identity with mouse. Human GITRL consists of cytoplasmic domain (M1-W27), helical domain (L28-F48), and extracellular domain (L49-S177). Human GITRL is a trimer, but can also be a monomer or assemble in other multimeric structures, but murine GITRL is a dimer[4].

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Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
  • HY-P78133
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Trimer Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Flag)

    TNFSF18; AITRL; TL6; GITRL; GITR Ligand

    		Human HEK293
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Flag) is a recombinant biotinylated human AITRL (Q72-S199) with N-terminal His and Flag tag, which is expressed in HEK293.
  • HY-P78448
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Trimer Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Flag)

    TNFSF18; AITRL; TL6; GITRL; GITR Ligand

    		Human HEK293
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Trimer Protein, Human (HEK293, His-Flag) is a recombinant human AITRL (Q72-S199) trimer with N-terminal His and Flag tag, which is expressed in HEK293.
  • HY-P7318
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human

    rHuActivation-inducible TNF-related Ligand/AITRL; TNFSF18; GITRL; TL-6; rHuAITRL

    		Human E. coli
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human is a recombinant human AITRL (E74-I198) without tag, which is expressed in E.coli.
  • HY-P700014AF
    Animal-Free AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (His)

    TL6; GITRL; TNLG2A; hGITRL; TNFSF18

    		Human E. coli
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). Animal-Free AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (His) is a recombinant human AITRL (Q49-I174) with C-terminal His tag, which is expressed in E.coli.
  • HY-P72773
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Cynomolgus (HEK293, His)

    Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18; AITRL; hGITRL; TNFSF18; TL6

    		Cynomolgus HEK293
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Cynomolgus (HEK293, His) is a recombinant cynomolgus AITRL (E74-S199) with C-terminal 6*His tag, which is expressed in HEK293.
  • HY-P7319
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Mouse

    rMuActivation-inducible TNF-related Ligand/AITRL; TNFSF18; GITRL; TL-6

    		Mouse E. coli
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Mouse is a recombinant mouse AITRL (T47-S173) without tag, which is expressed in E.coli.
  • HY-P78299
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc)

    TNFSF18; AITRL; TL6; GITRL; GITR Ligand

    		Mouse HEK293
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc) is a recombinant mouse AITRL (T47-S173) with N-terminal hFc tag, which is expressed in HEK293.
  • HY-P76110
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc)

    Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18; AITRL; hGITRL; TNFSF18; TL6

    		Human HEK293
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (HEK293, Fc) is a recombinant human AITRL (Q72-S199) with C-terminal mFc tag, which is expressed in HEK293.
  • HY-P74503
    AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (sf9, His)

    Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 18; AITRL; hGITRL; TNFSF18; TL6

    		Human Sf9 insect cells
    AITRL, a type II transmembrane protein, is a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR). When AITRL binds to GITR, GITR can produce costimulatory signals that regulate T-cell proliferation and effector functions. GITR/AITRL interaction plays a role in the pathogenesis of tumor, inflammation, as well as autoimmune diseases. Besides, AITRL plays a role in endothelial cells (EC)-activation and increases STAT-1 phosphorylation and the expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1). AITRL/TNFSF18 Protein, Human (sf9, His) is a recombinant human AITRL (E52-S177) with N-terminal His tag, which is expressed in Sf9 insect cells.
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity