2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Xanthine Oxidase
  4. Purpurogallin

Purpurogallin is a naturally phenol extracted from the plants of Quercus spp, has potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.2 µM. Purpurogallin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purpurogallin Chemical Structure

Purpurogallin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 569-77-7

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 USD 68 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 68 In-stock
Solid
1 mg USD 28 In-stock
5 mg USD 60 In-stock
10 mg USD 100 In-stock
25 mg USD 150 In-stock
50 mg USD 200 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Purpurogallin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Purpurogallin

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Purpurogallin is a naturally phenol extracted from the plants of Quercus spp, has potent xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 0.2 µM. Purpurogallin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

IC50: 0.2 µM (xanthine oxidase)[3]
In Vitro

Purpurogallin (50 or 100 µM; 7 or 25 hours; BV2 murine microglial cells) treatment attenuates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells[1].
Purpurogallin (100 µM; 75-120 minutes; BV2 murine microglial cells) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Purpurogallin Related Antibodies

RT-PCR[1]

Cell Line: BV2 murine microglial cells
Concentration: 50 or 100 µM
Incubation Time: 7 or 25 hours
Result: Attenuated the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by suppressing their mRNA and protein expression.

Western Blot Analysis[1]

Cell Line: BV2 murine microglial cells
Concentration: 100 µM
Incubation Time: 75 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes
Result: Suppressed the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
In Vivo

Purpurogallin (100-400 μg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; for 48 or 72 hours; male Sprague-Dawley rats) exerts its neuroinflammation effect through the dual effect of inhibiting IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expression and reducing HMGB1 protein and mRNA expression[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)[2]
Dosage: 100 μg/kg, 200 μg/kg, 400 μg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection; for 48 or 72 hours
Result: Dose-dependently reduced HMGB1 protein expression. High dose reduced TNF-α and HMGB1 mRNA levels.
Molecular Weight

220.18

Formula

C11H8O5
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light brown to brown

SMILES

O=C1C(O)=CC=CC2=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C21
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (454.17 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 4.5417 mL 22.7087 mL 45.4174 mL
5 mM 0.9083 mL 4.5417 mL 9.0835 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.45 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (9.45 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 96.87%

COA (254 KB) HNMR (245 KB) LCMS (95 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 4.5417 mL 22.7087 mL 45.4174 mL 113.5435 mL
5 mM 0.9083 mL 4.5417 mL 9.0835 mL 22.7087 mL
10 mM 0.4542 mL 2.2709 mL 4.5417 mL 11.3543 mL
15 mM 0.3028 mL 1.5139 mL 3.0278 mL 7.5696 mL
20 mM 0.2271 mL 1.1354 mL 2.2709 mL 5.6772 mL
25 mM 0.1817 mL 0.9083 mL 1.8167 mL 4.5417 mL
30 mM 0.1514 mL 0.7570 mL 1.5139 mL 3.7848 mL
40 mM 0.1135 mL 0.5677 mL 1.1354 mL 2.8386 mL
50 mM 0.0908 mL 0.4542 mL 0.9083 mL 2.2709 mL
60 mM 0.0757 mL 0.3785 mL 0.7570 mL 1.8924 mL
80 mM 0.0568 mL 0.2839 mL 0.5677 mL 1.4193 mL
100 mM 0.0454 mL 0.2271 mL 0.4542 mL 1.1354 mL
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Purpurogallin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Purpurogallin569-77-7Xanthine OxidaseXOInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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